Rozenman Michelle, Vreeland Allison, Iglesias Marisela, Mendez Melissa, Piacentini John
a Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry , UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human Behavior , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
Cogn Emot. 2018 Mar;32(2):389-396. doi: 10.1080/02699931.2017.1289152. Epub 2017 Feb 16.
In the past decade, cognitive biases and physiological arousal have each been proposed as mechanisms through which paediatric anxiety develops and is maintained over time. Preliminary studies have found associations between anxious interpretations of ambiguity, physiological arousal, and avoidance, supporting theories that link cognition, psychophysiology, and behaviour. However, little is known about the relationship between youths' resolutions of ambiguity and physiological arousal during acute stress. Such information may have important clinical implications for use of verbal self-regulation strategies and cognitive restructuring during treatments for paediatric anxiety. In this brief report, we present findings suggesting that anxious, but not typically developing, youth select avoidant goals via non-threatening resolution of ambiguity during a stressor, and that this resolution of ambiguity is accompanied by physiological reactivity (heart rate, heart rate variability, and respiratory sinus arrhythmia). We propose future empirical research on the interplay between interpretation bias, psychophysiology, and child anxiety, as well as clinical implications.
在过去十年中，认知偏差和生理唤醒各自被提出作为儿童焦虑症随着时间发展和维持的机制。初步研究发现，对模糊性的焦虑解释、生理唤醒和回避之间存在关联，这支持了将认知、心理生理学和行为联系起来的理论。然而，对于青少年在急性应激期间对模糊性的解决方式与生理唤醒之间的关系知之甚少。此类信息对于在儿童焦虑症治疗期间使用言语自我调节策略和认知重构可能具有重要的临床意义。在本简要报告中，我们呈现的研究结果表明，焦虑但非发育正常的青少年在应激源期间通过对模糊性的无威胁解决方式选择回避目标，并且这种对模糊性的解决伴随着生理反应（心率、心率变异性和呼吸性窦性心律失常）。我们提议未来针对解释偏差、心理生理学和儿童焦虑症之间的相互作用以及临床意义开展实证研究。
