Coquereau Laura, Lossent Julie, Grall Jacques, Chauvaud Laurent
Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin , Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer , UMR 6539, LIA BeBEST, Rue Dumont D'Urville, 29280 Plouzané , France.
France Energies Marines , 15 Rue Johannes Kepler, Site du Vernis, Technopole Brest Iroise, 29200 Brest , France.
R Soc Open Sci. 2017 Jan 11;4(1):160606. doi: 10.1098/rsos.160606. eCollection 2017 Jan.
Marine communities face anthropogenic pressures that degrade ecosystems. Because underwater soundscapes carry information about habitat quality, we explored whether destructive impacts of fishing could be evaluated via the soundscape. Maerl beds are recognized as biodiversity hotspots and they experience major worldwide degradation owing to fishing. We collected field acoustic recordings in maerl beds exposed to different fishing practices. We found that unfished maerl beds were threefold louder and exhibited sound frequencies more diversified than those recorded in fished maerl beds. Analyses of associated fauna samples indicated that snapping shrimps provided a major contribution to the maerl bed soundscape. Moreover, sea urchins and squat lobsters most likely contributed to differences between the soundscapes of unfished and fished maerl beds. Our results supported the idea that the soundscape can provide valuable information on maerl bed ecosystem health related to fishing activity.
海洋群落面临着导致生态系统退化的人为压力。由于水下声景承载着有关栖息地质量的信息，我们探究了是否可以通过声景来评估捕鱼的破坏性影响。珊瑚藻床被认为是生物多样性热点地区，并且由于捕鱼活动，它们在全球范围内遭受了严重退化。我们在受到不同捕鱼方式影响的珊瑚藻床中收集了现场声学记录。我们发现，未受捕捞的珊瑚藻床声音强度是受捕捞珊瑚藻床的三倍，并且其声音频率比受捕捞珊瑚藻床记录的频率更加多样。对相关动物样本的分析表明，鼓虾对珊瑚藻床声景贡献最大。此外，海胆和蝉虾极有可能造成了未受捕捞与受捕捞珊瑚藻床声景之间的差异。我们的结果支持了这样一种观点，即声景能够提供与捕鱼活动相关的、关于珊瑚藻床生态系统健康状况的宝贵信息。
