Abrutyn E, Talbot G H
Section of Infectious Diseases, Veteran's Administration Hospital, Medical College of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.
Infect Control. 1987 Nov;8(11):459-64. doi: 10.1017/s0195941700069782.
A variety of acceptable surveillance methodologies have been described. CDC-type surveillance remains the standard, but a limited program may be most sensible for some. Surveillance by objective is an attractive concept and reports of its value are anticipated. For some, laboratory-based systems for identifying nosocomial infections and outbreaks have been highly effective but chart review is often still necessary. Regardless of the surveillance method chosen to anchor a program, the program should be flexible and dynamic, not static. Institutional needs should be assessed continually and the program should change as the problems change. Different strategies may be optimal at different times, and indeed many surveillance programs use a combination of elements. In our view adaptability and flexibility within a well-defined framework are qualities that improve not only responsiveness but also effectiveness.
已经描述了多种可接受的监测方法。疾病预防控制中心（CDC）类型的监测仍然是标准方法，但对于某些情况，有限的监测计划可能最为明智。按目标进行监测是一个有吸引力的概念，预计会有关于其价值的报告。对于一些人来说，基于实验室的医院感染和暴发识别系统非常有效，但通常仍需要进行病历审查。无论选择何种监测方法来支撑一个计划，该计划都应该是灵活多变的，而不是一成不变的。应持续评估机构需求，并且计划应随着问题的变化而改变。不同的策略在不同的时间可能是最优的，实际上许多监测计划都使用了多种要素的组合。我们认为，在明确界定的框架内具备适应性和灵活性，不仅能提高响应能力，还能提升有效性。
