Ponnalagu Murugeswari, Subramani Murali, Jayadev Chaitra, Shetty Rohit, Das Debashish
Stem Cell Research Laboratory, GROW Laboratory, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Bangalore, India.
Department of Vitreo-retina Services, Narayana Nethralaya Eye Hospital, Bangalore, India.
Cytokine. 2017 Jul;95:126-135. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2017.02.013. Epub 2017 Mar 7.
Diabetic retinopathy is a major complication of diabetes mellitus that can lead to retinal vascular abnormalities and visual impairment. While retinal endothelial pathology is well studied, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer modifications and the patho-physiological regulations are not widely understood. The RPE is a highly specialized pigmented layer regulating not only physiological functions such as transport of nutrients, ions, absorption of light, phagocytosis of photoreceptor membranes, but also secretion of a number of cytokines, chemokines, angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors. The RPE secretome, though crucial in health and disease, remains elusive in diabetic retinopathy. A knowledge of these secreted factors would help explain and correlate the clinical phase of the disease aiding in improved disease management. A comprehensive knowledge of the secreted factors of the RPE is a potential tool for understanding the differential treatment regime of early diabetic retinopathy, diabetic proliferative retinopathy and diabetic macular edema. In this review, we have delineated the importance of factors secreted by the retinal pigment epithelium and its regulation in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.
糖尿病视网膜病变是糖尿病的一种主要并发症，可导致视网膜血管异常和视力损害。虽然视网膜内皮病理学已得到充分研究，但视网膜色素上皮（RPE）层的改变及其病理生理调节尚未得到广泛了解。RPE是一层高度特化的色素层，不仅调节营养物质运输、离子转运、光吸收、光感受器膜吞噬等生理功能，还分泌多种细胞因子、趋化因子、血管生成和抗血管生成因子。RPE分泌组在健康和疾病中虽然至关重要，但在糖尿病视网膜病变中仍不清楚。了解这些分泌因子将有助于解释和关联疾病的临床阶段，有助于改善疾病管理。全面了解RPE的分泌因子是理解早期糖尿病视网膜病变、糖尿病增殖性视网膜病变和糖尿病黄斑水肿不同治疗方案的潜在工具。在本综述中，我们阐述了视网膜色素上皮分泌的因子及其调节在糖尿病视网膜病变发病机制中的重要性。
