Chaudhary Vikas, Bano Shahina, Garga Umesh Chandra
Department of Radiodiagnosis, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India.
Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi-110001, India.
Can Assoc Radiol J. 2017 May;68(2):161-170. doi: 10.1016/j.carj.2016.10.007. Epub 2017 Mar 7.
The increasing prevalence of tuberculosis in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals in recent years makes the disease a topic of universal concern. It has insidious onset and can affect virtually any organ system in the body, including the central nervous system (CNS). CNS tuberculosis (TB) is becoming more and more complex and atypical with onset of multidrug-resistant TB. Routine diagnostic techniques using serology and body tissue are time consuming and may delay the definitive management. Hence, it is important to be familiar with various radiologic features of CNS TB to ensure early and accurate diagnosis, thereby reducing high morbidity and mortality associated with the disease. The newer imaging techniques further help to improve the characterization and diagnosis of atypical CNS TB. The authors review the imaging characteristics of different forms of CNS tuberculosis involving the brain and spine and discuss the role of advanced imaging modalities in differentiating CNS TB from other disease process.
近年来，结核病在免疫功能正常和免疫功能低下的个体中患病率不断上升，这使得该疾病成为一个备受普遍关注的话题。其起病隐匿，几乎可累及身体的任何器官系统，包括中枢神经系统（CNS）。随着耐多药结核病的出现，中枢神经系统结核病（TB）变得越来越复杂且不典型。使用血清学和身体组织的常规诊断技术耗时较长，可能会延误明确治疗。因此，熟悉中枢神经系统结核病的各种影像学特征对于确保早期准确诊断、从而降低与该疾病相关的高发病率和死亡率至关重要。更新的成像技术进一步有助于提高对非典型中枢神经系统结核病的特征描述和诊断。作者回顾了累及脑和脊柱的不同形式中枢神经系统结核病的影像学特征，并讨论了先进成像模式在鉴别中枢神经系统结核病与其他疾病过程中的作用。
