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北京孕妇巨细胞病毒感染:血清流行病学调查与宫内传播

Cytomegalovirus Infection among Pregnant Women in Beijing: Seroepidemiological Survey and Intrauterine Transmissions.

作者信息

Jin Qing'e, Su Jianrong, Wu Shanna

机构信息

Department of Clinical Laboratory, Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100050, P.R. China.

出版信息

J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2017 May 28;27(5):1005-1009. doi: 10.4014/jmb.1612.12020.

Abstract

Primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection during pregnancy can cause congenital defects. Available data for CMV infection during pregnancy in north China are inadequate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology of maternal CMV infection and explore the incidence of congenital infection. In this prospective study, serum CMV IgG and IgM antibodies were measured in 2,887 pregnant women using ELISA, and the IgG avidity test was performed on all IgM-positive subjects. The seroprevalence of anti-CMV IgG was 94.70%, and of anti-CMV IgM was 1.28%. CMV IgG prevalence increased significantly with age ( < 0.01). Women living in downtown areas showed higher IgG prevalence than those residing in urban areas ( = 0.023). CMV-IgM seroprevalence was highest in autumn ( = 0.021). There was no difference in IgM seroprevalence by age, socioeconomic status, geographical area, or gravida. The rate of primary CMV infection was 0.45% (13/2,887) at the first trimester. The seroconversion rate during pregnancy was 0.76% (22/2,887). One woman underwent seroconversion during pregnancy and gave birth to an infant with asymptomatic CMV infection. Congenital CMV infection was diagnosed in five of the 14 infants from 14 mothers with active infection, for a vertical transmission rate of 35.71% (5/14). Three infants were asymptomatic, whereas two infants presented symptomatic infection with hearing deficits. Although CMV IgG prevalence is relatively high in north China, significant attention to primary CMV infection during pregnancy is still needed.

摘要

孕期原发性巨细胞病毒(CMV)感染可导致先天性缺陷。中国北方地区孕期CMV感染的现有数据不足。本研究的目的是评估孕妇CMV感染的流行病学情况,并探讨先天性感染的发生率。在这项前瞻性研究中,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测了2887名孕妇的血清CMV IgG和IgM抗体,并对所有IgM阳性受试者进行了IgG亲和力检测。抗CMV IgG的血清阳性率为94.70%,抗CMV IgM的血清阳性率为1.28%。CMV IgG阳性率随年龄显著增加(<0.01)。居住在市区的女性IgG阳性率高于居住在城区的女性(=0.023)。CMV-IgM血清阳性率在秋季最高(=0.021)。IgM血清阳性率在年龄、社会经济地位、地理区域或妊娠次数方面无差异。孕早期原发性CMV感染率为0.45%(13/2887)。孕期血清转化率为0.76%(22/2887)。一名女性在孕期发生血清转化,并生下一名无症状CMV感染的婴儿。在14名有活动性感染的母亲所生的14名婴儿中,有5名被诊断为先天性CMV感染,垂直传播率为35.71%(5/14)。3名婴儿无症状,而2名婴儿出现有听力缺陷的症状性感染。尽管中国北方地区CMV IgG阳性率相对较高,但仍需高度关注孕期原发性CMV感染。

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