Kogure Takamichi, Sumitani Masahiko, Ikegami Kiyoshi, Abe Hiroaki, Hozumi Jun, Inoue Reo, Kawahara Kazuo, Yamada Yoshitsugu
J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother. 2017 Mar;31(1):4-9. doi: 10.1080/15360288.2017.1279500. Epub 2017 Feb 22.
Donepezil, an oral acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, is used to treat Alzheimer's disease and reportedly attenuates opioid-induced sedation in patients with cancer pain. Neuropathic pain is often treated with gabapentinoids (pregabalin, gabapentin), but gabapentinoid-induced somnolence sometimes prevents patients from using these agents. We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients with neuropathic pain to examine whether donepezil is useful for gabapentinoid-induced somnolence. We investigated pain severity in 13 patients before and after taking gabapentinoids and donepezil, the degree of gabapentinoid-induced somnolence before and after starting donepezil, and gabapentinoid dose escalation after taking donepezil. Donepezil was started at 3-5 mg/day upon experiencing gabapentinoid-induced somnolence. Likert-scale scores for somnolence (0 = no somnolence; 4 = severe somnolence with stumbling) improved significantly after starting donepezil (before: 2.3 ± 0.9, after: 0.5 ± 0.7; Wilcoxon's signed-rank test, P < .05), resulting in gabapentinoid dose escalation (before: 796.2 ± 564.3 mg, after: 1409.6 ± 526.9 mg; P < .05), which significantly decreased pain intensity (before: 7.4 ± 1.2, after: 5.0 ± 1.3; P < .05). Donepezil could be an alternative to psychostimulants for gabapentinoid-induced somnolence. The analgesic effect of gabapentinoids remained uncompromised by donepezil, which could enhance the dose-dependent analgesic effect of gabapentinoids.
多奈哌齐是一种口服乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂,用于治疗阿尔茨海默病,据报道它可减轻癌症疼痛患者阿片类药物引起的镇静作用。神经性疼痛通常用加巴喷丁类药物(普瑞巴林、加巴喷丁)治疗,但加巴喷丁类药物引起的嗜睡有时会使患者无法使用这些药物。我们对神经性疼痛患者进行了一项回顾性病历审查,以研究多奈哌齐是否对加巴喷丁类药物引起的嗜睡有用。我们调查了13例患者在服用加巴喷丁类药物和多奈哌齐前后的疼痛严重程度、开始服用多奈哌齐前后加巴喷丁类药物引起的嗜睡程度,以及服用多奈哌齐后加巴喷丁类药物剂量的增加情况。在出现加巴喷丁类药物引起的嗜睡后,开始服用多奈哌齐,剂量为3 - 5毫克/天。嗜睡的李克特量表评分(0 = 无嗜睡;4 = 严重嗜睡伴蹒跚)在开始服用多奈哌齐后显著改善(之前:2.3±0.9,之后:0.5±0.7;Wilcoxon符号秩检验,P < 0.05),导致加巴喷丁类药物剂量增加(之前:796.2±564.3毫克,之后:1409.6±526.9毫克;P < 0.05),这显著降低了疼痛强度(之前:7.4±1.2,之后:5.0±1.3;P < 0.05)。对于加巴喷丁类药物引起的嗜睡,多奈哌齐可能是精神兴奋剂的替代品。多奈哌齐并未损害加巴喷丁类药物的镇痛效果,反而可能增强加巴喷丁类药物的剂量依赖性镇痛效果。