Fonseca Sandra, Radhakrishnan Dhanya, Prasad Kalika, Chini Andrea
Departamento de Genetica Molecular de Plantas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Madrid. Spain.
School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
Curr Med Chem. 2018;25(2):253-267. doi: 10.2174/0929867324666170314150827.
Living organisms are part of a highly interconnected web of interactions, characterised by species nurturing, competing, parasitizing and preying on one another. Plants have evolved cooperative as well as defensive strategies to interact with neighbour organisms. Among these, the plant-fungus associations are very diverse, ranging from pathogenic to mutualistic. Our current knowledge of plant-fungus interactions suggests a sophisticated coevolution to ensure dynamic plant responses to evolving fungal mutualistic/pathogenic strategies. The plant-fungus communication relies on a rich chemical language. To manipulate the plant defence mechanisms, fungi produce and secrete several classes of biomolecules, whose modeof- action is largely unknown. Upon perception of the fungi, plants produce phytohormones and a battery of secondary metabolites that serve as defence mechanism against invaders or to promote mutualistic associations. These mutualistic chemical signals can be co-opted by pathogenic fungi for their own benefit. Among the plant molecules regulating plant-fungus interaction, phytohormones play a critical role since they modulate various aspects of plant development, defences and stress responses. Intriguingly, fungi can also produce phytohormones, although the actual role of fungalproduced phytohormones in plant-fungus interactions is poorly understood. Here, we discuss the recent advances in fungal production of phytohormone, their putative role as endogenous fungal signals and how fungi manipulate plant hormone balance to their benefits.
生物是一个高度互联的相互作用网络的一部分，其特征是物种之间相互培育、竞争、寄生和捕食。植物已经进化出合作和防御策略来与邻近生物相互作用。其中，植物与真菌的关联非常多样，从致病到共生。我们目前对植物与真菌相互作用的了解表明，存在一种复杂的共同进化，以确保植物对不断演变的真菌共生/致病策略做出动态反应。植物与真菌的交流依赖于丰富的化学语言。为了操纵植物的防御机制，真菌产生并分泌几类生物分子，其作用方式在很大程度上尚不清楚。在感知到真菌后，植物会产生植物激素和一系列次生代谢产物，这些物质可作为抵御入侵者的防御机制或促进共生关系。这些共生化学信号可能会被致病真菌利用以达到自身目的。在调节植物与真菌相互作用的植物分子中，植物激素起着关键作用，因为它们调节植物发育、防御和应激反应的各个方面。有趣的是，真菌也能产生植物激素，尽管真菌产生的植物激素在植物与真菌相互作用中的实际作用还知之甚少。在这里，我们讨论了真菌产生植物激素的最新进展、它们作为内源性真菌信号的假定作用，以及真菌如何操纵植物激素平衡以实现自身利益。
