Yared Abenezer, Sahile Zekariyas, Mekuria Mulugeta
College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health Officer, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Reprod Health. 2017 Mar 14;14(1):41. doi: 10.1186/s12978-017-0302-9.
Youths in universities are at high risk of STIs and SRH problems in Ethiopia. However, students did not perceive themselves at risk of STI/HIV infection though reports showed they were sexually active, had multiple sexual partners and reported symptoms of STIs. Having recognized the threat posed by SRH problems, this study aimed to assess the SRH experiences, knowledge, and problems among university students at Ambo University in Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ambo University main campus from January to February 2015 using mixed approach of quantitative (survey) and qualitative (in-depth interview) methods. Proportionate stratified sampling technique was used to select 400 survey respondents and purposive sampling was employed to identify 10 in-depth interviewees. The quantitative data was coded, entered to SPSS and descriptively analyzed, while the qualitative data was categorically organized, repeatedly reviewed and thematically analyzed.
Mean age during first sex of 17.29 ± SD 2.21 and mean number of past 12 months regular sexual partners of 1.36 ± SD 0.505 were recorded. Only 21.1% of survey respondents perceived themselves to be at risk of HIV. Almost all survey respondents ever heard of STIs (94.5%) and HIV/AIDS (98%), and 89.4% knew modern contraceptives such as pills (64.8%) and condoms (56.8%). Despite awareness of STIs including HIV/AIDS, more than one fifth (22.8%) had any of the STIs in the past one year. Although the quantitative data showed unwanted pregnancy (5%) and abortion (2.5%) existed in the campus minimally, high rates of unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion were reported in the qualitative data.
SRH/STIs were problems among students of the university. Although students knew about STIs, the STI infection rate in the past year was quite high, and was almost as high as the percentage of students who reported sexual activity in the past year. Though reported by a minority of students, unwanted pregnancy and unsafe abortion may also be a problem. The university thus needs to launch a program directed towards STIs and SRH problems, particularly among female students.
在埃塞俄比亚，大学生面临性传播感染和性与生殖健康问题的高风险。然而，尽管报告显示学生们有性行为、有多个性伴侣且出现了性传播感染症状，但他们并未意识到自己有感染性传播感染/艾滋病毒的风险。认识到性与生殖健康问题所带来的威胁后，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚安博大学学生的性与生殖健康经历、知识及问题。
2015年1月至2月，在安博大学主校区采用定量（调查）和定性（深入访谈）相结合的方法进行了一项横断面研究。采用按比例分层抽样技术选取400名调查对象，并采用目的抽样法确定10名深入访谈对象。定量数据进行编码、录入SPSS并进行描述性分析，而定性数据则进行分类整理、反复审查并进行主题分析。
记录到首次性行为时的平均年龄为17.29±标准差2.21岁，过去12个月内固定性伴侣的平均数量为1.36±标准差0.505个。只有21.1%的调查对象认为自己有感染艾滋病毒的风险。几乎所有调查对象都听说过性传播感染（94.5%）和艾滋病毒/艾滋病（98%），89.4%的人知道现代避孕方法，如避孕药（64.8%）和避孕套（56.8%）。尽管了解包括艾滋病毒/艾滋病在内的性传播感染，但超过五分之一（22.8%）的人在过去一年感染过任何一种性传播感染。虽然定量数据显示校园内意外怀孕（5%）和堕胎（2.5%）的情况极少，但定性数据中报告的意外怀孕和不安全堕胎率却很高。
性与生殖健康/性传播感染是该大学学生面临的问题。尽管学生们了解性传播感染，但过去一年的性传播感染感染率相当高，几乎与过去一年报告有性行为的学生比例一样高。虽然只有少数学生报告，但意外怀孕和不安全堕胎也可能是个问题。因此，该大学需要针对性传播感染和性与生殖健康问题开展一项计划，尤其是针对女学生。
