Schvartzman J B, Parras L M, Krimer D B
Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Madrid, SPAIN.
Revis Biol Celular. 1986;10:1-130.
Transmission of the genetic information from the parental to the two daughter cells resulting from each cell division requires this genetic information to be duplicated prior to cell division. This ensures that each daughter cell will inherit an exact and complete copy of the information contained in the parental cell. The duplication of the genetic information, which is codified in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), is called "DNA replication". During the last 33 years, since the structure of DNA was discovered by Watson and Crick (1953), DNA replication has been investigated using genetical, cytological, and molecular techniques. The present review is an attempt to summarize most of the knowledge that has been accumulated throughout these years on eukaryotic DNA replication, with special emphasis on the methodologies that have been employed. Besides, some of the current "hot spots" in this subject, such as the controversy concerning whether or not there are specific DNA sequences which are recognized as replication origins, the existence of a close association between replication timing and gene expression, and the mechanisms operating at the time of nascent replicon maturation and segregation of sibling DNA molecules, are discussed with special deference.
遗传信息从亲代细胞传递到每次细胞分裂产生的两个子代细胞，这要求该遗传信息在细胞分裂之前进行复制。这确保每个子代细胞将继承亲代细胞中所含信息的精确且完整的副本。以脱氧核糖核酸（DNA）编码的遗传信息的复制被称为“DNA复制”。自1953年沃森和克里克发现DNA结构以来的33年里，人们一直使用遗传学、细胞学和分子技术来研究DNA复制。本综述旨在总结这些年来积累的关于真核生物DNA复制的大部分知识，特别强调所采用的方法。此外，还特别慎重地讨论了该领域当前的一些“热点”问题，例如关于是否存在被识别为复制起点的特定DNA序列的争议、复制时间与基因表达之间紧密关联的存在，以及新生复制子成熟和姐妹DNA分子分离时所涉及的机制。
