Boulahri Tarik, Taous Abdellah, Berri Maha Aït, Traibi Imane, Rouimi Abdelhadi
Service de Neurlogie, Hopital Militaire Moulay Ismail Meknès, Meknès, Maroc.
Pan Afr Med J. 2016 Dec 8;25:231. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2016.25.231.11074. eCollection 2016.
Tuberculosis is a public health problem in Morocco. Central nervous system involvement is nevertheless rare, occurring in the context of multifocal or miliary tuberculosis. However, it may be a mode of revelation even in an immunocompetent subject. We report the case of a 30-year old man with language disorder accompanied by significant impairment of general condition. Clinical examination showed Broca's motor aphasia, right-sided pyramidal syndrome and latero-cervical adenopathies. HIV serologic test was negative. Brain MRI showed lesions associating multiple intracranial tuberculomas and meningoencephalitis. Thoracic CT scan showed multiple pulmonary micronodules, cavity wall thickening and bronchiectasia of the right fowler and culmen. Lymph node biopsy revealed typical architecture of a TB granuloma. The diagnosis of multifocal tuberculosis was retained and the patient received anti-bacillary therapy associated with corticosteroid therapy with good clinico-radiological evolution. This study is peculiar due to the appearance and the seat of tuberculous lesions on brain imaging, the absence of immunodeficiency, a good evolution under treatment. It highlights the role of active and exhaustive assessment of associated extracerebral tuberculous infection in the case of cerebromeningeal lesion suggestive of tuberculosis.
结核病是摩洛哥的一个公共卫生问题。然而,中枢神经系统受累情况罕见,多发生于多灶性或粟粒性结核病背景下。不过,即使在免疫功能正常的个体中,它也可能是首发表现形式。我们报告一例30岁男性病例,该患者有语言障碍并伴有全身状况明显受损。临床检查显示布罗卡运动性失语、右侧锥体束征和颈侧淋巴结肿大。HIV血清学检测为阴性。脑部MRI显示病变合并多个颅内结核瘤和脑膜脑炎。胸部CT扫描显示多个肺部微小结节、空洞壁增厚以及右肺上叶和尖段支气管扩张。淋巴结活检显示典型的结核肉芽肿结构。最终确诊为多灶性结核病,患者接受了抗结核治疗并联合皮质类固醇治疗,临床和影像学表现均有良好转归。本研究具有特殊性,原因在于脑成像上结核病变的表现及部位、不存在免疫缺陷以及治疗效果良好。它凸显了在提示结核病的脑膜病变病例中,对相关脑外结核感染进行积极全面评估的作用。