Alcántara-Hernández R J, Taş N, Carlos-Pinedo S, Durán-Moreno A, Falcón L I
Institute of Geology, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, México.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Climate and Ecosystem Sciences, Ecology Department, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Lett Appl Microbiol. 2017 Jun;64(6):438-445. doi: 10.1111/lam.12734. Epub 2017 May 4.
Anaerobic digestion of organic residues offers economic benefits via biogas production, still methane (CH ) yield relies on the development of a robust microbial consortia for adequate substrate degradation, among other factors. In this study, we monitor biogas production and changes in the microbial community composition in two semi-continuous stirred tank reactors during the setting process under mesophilic conditions (35°C) using a 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing method. Reactors were initially inoculated with anaerobic granular sludge from a brewery wastewater treatment plant, and gradually fed organic urban residues (4·0 kg VS m day ) . The inocula and biomass samples showed changes related to adaptations of the community to urban organic wastes including a higher relative proportion of Clostridiales, with Ruminococcus spp. and Syntrophomonas spp. as recurrent species. Candidatus Cloacamonas spp. (Spirochaetes) also increased from ~2·2% in the inoculum to >10% in the reactor biomass. The new community consolidated the cellulose degradation and the propionate and amino acids fermentation processes. Acetoclastic methanogens were more abundant in the reactor, where Methanosaeta spp. was found as a key player. This study demonstrates a successful use of brewery treatment plant granular sludge to obtain a robust consortium for methane production from urban organic solid waste in Mexico.
This study describes the selection of relevant bacteria and archaea in anaerobic digesters inoculated with anaerobic granular sludge from a brewery wastewater treatment plant. Generally, these sludge granules are used to inoculate reactors digesting organic urban wastes. Though, it is still not clearly understood how micro-organisms respond to substrate variations during the reactor start-up process. After feeding two reactors with organic urban residues, it was found that a broader potential for cellulose degradation was developed including Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Spirochaetes. These results clarify the bacterial processes behind new reactors establishment for treating organic wastes in urban areas.
有机残渣的厌氧消化通过沼气生产带来经济效益，不过甲烷（CH₄）产量还依赖于形成强大的微生物群落以实现充分的底物降解等因素。在本研究中，我们使用16S rDNA高通量测序方法，监测了两个中温条件（35°C）下的半连续搅拌釜式反应器在启动过程中的沼气生产及微生物群落组成变化。反应器最初接种了来自啤酒厂废水处理厂的厌氧颗粒污泥，并逐渐投喂城市有机残渣（4.0千克挥发性固体/立方米·天）。接种物和生物质样本显示出与群落适应城市有机废物相关的变化，包括梭菌目的相对比例更高，其中瘤胃球菌属和互营单胞菌属为常见物种。候选噬纤维菌属（螺旋体门）也从接种物中的约2.2%增加到反应器生物质中的>10%。新群落巩固了纤维素降解以及丙酸盐和氨基酸发酵过程。产乙酸甲烷菌在反应器中更为丰富，其中甲烷鬃毛菌属是关键成员。本研究证明了成功利用啤酒厂处理厂的颗粒污泥获得用于墨西哥城市有机固体废物甲烷生产的强大群落。
本研究描述了在接种来自啤酒厂废水处理厂厌氧颗粒污泥的厌氧消化池中相关细菌和古菌的选择。通常，这些污泥颗粒用于接种消化城市有机废物的反应器。然而，对于微生物在反应器启动过程中如何响应底物变化仍不清楚。在用城市有机残渣投喂两个反应器后，发现包括拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门和螺旋体门在内的纤维素降解潜力更大。这些结果阐明了城市地区处理有机废物新反应器建立背后的细菌过程。
