Olsson B
Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 1979 Feb;7(1):51-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1979.tb01185.x.
A survey comprising 478 children aged 6-7 years and 13-14 years was conducted in high-fluoride areas (Wonji, 12.4 parts/10(6) F- and Awassa, 3.5 parts/10 F-) in the Rift Valley in Ethiopia. Dental fluorosis was found in 99% of the 6-7-year-old groups. Very mild to moderate fluorosis dominated in the primary teeth and moderate to severe fluorosis in the permanent teeth. All 13-14-year-old children born in Awassa of Wonji had fluorosis, mainly in the moderate to severe form. Eighty-four percent of the 13-14-year-old children not born in the area had fluorosis, mainly in the very mild form. The most severe fluorosis was seen in the last erupting teeth, but moderate fluorosis was also seen in primary incisors, indicating placental transfer of fluorides. Teeth with moderate and severe fluorosis more frequently had dental caries than teeth with no or very mild and mild fluorosis. The average DMFT was 2.46 +/- 2.34 in Wonji and 1.69 +/- 1.88 in Awassa. The average dft was 0.32 +/- 0.80 in Wonji and 0.40 +/- 0.96 in Awassa. Gingivitis was seen in 97% of the children and the average OHI-S was 1.94 +/- 0.71.
在埃塞俄比亚裂谷地区的高氟区（翁吉，氟含量为12.4 ppm；阿瓦萨，氟含量为3.5 ppm）对478名6至7岁和13至14岁的儿童进行了一项调查。在6至7岁组中，99%的儿童患有氟斑牙。乳牙中以非常轻度至中度氟斑牙为主，恒牙中以中度至重度氟斑牙为主。所有出生在翁吉或阿瓦萨的13至14岁儿童都患有氟斑牙，主要为中度至重度。84%非该地区出生的13至14岁儿童患有氟斑牙，主要为非常轻度。最严重的氟斑牙出现在最后萌出的牙齿上，但乳牙切牙也出现了中度氟斑牙，这表明氟化物可通过胎盘转移。与无氟斑牙或非常轻度和轻度氟斑牙的牙齿相比，中度和重度氟斑牙的牙齿患龋齿的频率更高。在翁吉，平均龋失补牙数（DMFT）为2.46±2.34，在阿瓦萨为1.69±1.88。在翁吉，平均乳牙龋失补牙数（dft）为0.32±0.80，在阿瓦萨为0.40±0.96。97%的儿童患有牙龈炎，口腔卫生指数简化版（OHI-S）平均为1.94±0.71。
