Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Pediatric Clinic, Skaraborg Hospital, Lidköping, Sweden.
Clin Exp Allergy. 2017 Jul;47(7):918-928. doi: 10.1111/cea.12922. Epub 2017 Apr 10.
We previously reported that exposure to a farming environment is allergy-protective, while high proportions of neonatal immature/naïve CD5 B cells and putative regulatory T cells (Tregs) are risk factors for development of allergic disease and sensitization up to 3 years of age.
To examine if B and T cell maturation are associated with allergic disease and farming environment over the first 8 years in life.
In the prospective FARMFLORA study, including both farming and non-farming families, 48 of 65 children took part in the 8-year follow-up study. Various B and T cell maturation variables were examined in blood samples obtained at several occasions from birth to 8 years of age and related to doctors' diagnosed allergic disease and sensitization, and to farming environment.
We found that the incidence of allergic disease was lower among farmers' compared to non-farmers' children during the 8-year follow-up period, and that farmers' children had higher proportions of memory B cells at 8 years of age. Moreover, a high proportion of neonatal CD5 B cells was a risk factor for and may predict development of allergic disease at 8 years of age. A high proportion of Tregs was not protective against development of these conditions.
High proportions of neonatal naïve B cells remained as a risk factor for allergic disease in school-aged children. Thus, the accelerated B cell maturation observed among farmers' children may be crucial for the allergy-protective effect of a farming environment.
我们之前曾报道过，生活在农场环境中具有预防过敏的作用，而新生儿不成熟/幼稚的 CD5+B 细胞和潜在的调节性 T 细胞（Tregs）比例较高是发展为过敏性疾病和致敏的风险因素，这一现象可在 3 岁之前观察到。
我们旨在探究在生命的头 8 年中，B 和 T 细胞成熟是否与过敏性疾病和农场环境有关。
在前瞻性的 FARMFLORA 研究中，我们纳入了来自农场和非农场家庭的 65 名儿童，其中 48 名儿童参与了 8 年的随访研究。在从出生到 8 岁的多个时间点采集血样，以检测各种 B 和 T 细胞成熟变量，并将其与医生诊断的过敏性疾病和致敏情况以及农场环境相关联。
我们发现，在 8 年的随访期间，农民儿童的过敏性疾病发病率低于非农民儿童，且农民儿童在 8 岁时具有更高比例的记忆 B 细胞。此外，新生儿 CD5+B 细胞比例较高是发展为过敏性疾病的风险因素，并可能预测 8 岁时出现这些疾病。Tregs 比例较高并不能预防这些疾病的发生。
新生儿幼稚 B 细胞比例较高仍是儿童期过敏性疾病的一个风险因素。因此，我们观察到农民儿童中 B 细胞成熟加速可能是农场环境具有预防过敏作用的关键。
