Food and Nutrition Science, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers, University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden.
Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Göteborg, Sweden.
Nutrients. 2020 Sep 30;12(10):3000. doi: 10.3390/nu12103000.
Maternal fish intake during pregnancy has been associated with reduced allergy development in the offspring and here, we hypothesized that components of fish stimulate fetal immune maturation. The aim of this study was to investigate how maternal fish intake during pregnancy and levels of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) in the infant's cord serum correlated with different subsets of B- and T-cells in cord blood and B-cell activating factor (BAFF) in cord plasma, and with doctor-diagnosed allergy at 3 and 8 years of age in the FARMFLORA birth-cohort consisting of 65 families. Principal component analysis showed that infant allergies at 3 or 8 years of age were negatively associated with the proportions of n-3 LCPUFAs (eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid) in infant cord serum, which, in turn correlated positively with maternal fish intake during pregnancy. Both maternal fish intake and cord serum n-3 LCPUFAs correlated negatively to CD5 B cells and the FOXP3CD25 of the CD4 T cell subsets in cord blood, but not to BAFF in cord plasma. Our observational study suggests that fish might contain components that promote maturation of the infant's immune system in a manner that protects against allergy development.
母亲在怀孕期间摄入鱼类与后代过敏发生率降低有关，我们推测鱼类的某些成分可刺激胎儿的免疫成熟。本研究旨在调查孕妇在怀孕期间摄入鱼类的情况以及婴儿脐带血清中 n-3 长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCPUFAs）的水平与脐带血浆中 B 细胞激活因子（BAFF）以及不同亚群 B 细胞和 T 细胞之间的关系，并与 FARMFLORA 出生队列中 65 个家庭的 3 岁和 8 岁时的医生诊断过敏情况进行相关性分析。主成分分析显示，3 岁或 8 岁时婴儿过敏与婴儿脐带血清中 n-3 LCPUFAs（二十碳五烯酸、二十二碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸）的比例呈负相关，而这些脂肪酸又与孕妇在怀孕期间摄入鱼类呈正相关。孕妇摄入鱼类和脐带血清 n-3 LCPUFAs 与脐带血中 CD5+B 细胞和 CD4+T 细胞亚群的 FOXP3CD25 呈负相关，但与脐带血浆中的 BAFF 无关。我们的观察性研究表明，鱼类可能含有促进婴儿免疫系统成熟的成分，从而预防过敏的发生。
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