Association between diabetes mellitus and incidence of intracerebral haemorrhage and case fatality rates: A retrospective population-based cohort study.

We investigated the associations between diabetes (type 1, type 2 or no diabetes) and intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) incidence as well as case fatality after ICH, in a retrospective cohort study of people aged 40 to 89 years in Scotland during the period 2004 to 2013, using linkage of population-based records of diagnosed diabetes, hospital discharges and deaths. We calculated ICH incidence and 30-day case fatality after hospital admission for ICH, along with their relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), among people with type 1 or type 2 diabetes compared to people without diabetes, adjusting for age, sex and socio-economic status (SES). There were 77, 1275 and 9778 incident ICH events and the case-fatality rate was 44% (95% CI 33, 57), 38% (95% CI 35, 41) and 36% (95% CI 35, 37) in people with type 1, type 2 and without diabetes, respectively. In comparison with absence of diabetes, type 1 diabetes was associated with a higher incidence of ICH (1.74, 95% CI 1.38-2.21) and higher case fatality after ICH (1.35, 95% CI 1.01-1.70), after adjustment for age, sex and SES. The small increases in ICH incidence (1.06, 95% CI 0.99-1.12) and case-fatality (1.04, 95% CI 0.96-1.13) in people with type 2 diabetes compared with people without diabetes were not statistically significant.