Kierdorf Uwe, Miller Karl V, Flohr Stefan, Gomez Santiago, Kierdorf Horst
Department of Biology, University of Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Germany.
Warnell School of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Georgia, Athens, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2017 Mar 15;12(3):e0173775. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173775. eCollection 2017.
This paper reports a case of multiple osteochondromas affecting the antlers and the left zygomatic bone of a free-ranging adult white-tailed buck (Odocoileus virginianus) from Georgia, USA. Along with a few postcranial bones, the antlered cranium of the individual was found in a severely weathered condition and devoid of any soft tissue. The antlers exhibited five pedunculated exostoses that were composed of cancellous bone and, in their peripheral portions, also mineralized cartilage. The largest of the exostoses, located on the right antler, had a maximum circumference of 55 cm. The exostosis arising from the zygomatic bone was broad-based and much smaller than the exophytic outgrowths on the antlers. Diagnosis of the exostoses as osteochondromas was based on their overall morphology, the normal bone structure in their stalk regions, and the continuity of their spongiosa and cortex with the respective components of the parent bones. Antleromas, i.e., pathological outgrowths developing on antlers as a result of insufficient androgen production, were excluded in the differential diagnosis, based on (1) the apparent maturity and, except for the tumors, normal shape of the antlers and (2) the fact that exostosis formation had also affected the zygomatic bone. Previously only a single case of solitary osteochondroma of an antler has been described in the scientific literature. The case presented here is the first report of multiple osteochondromas in a deer. As antlers are regularly collected as trophies, and huge numbers of them are critically inspected each year, the fact that thus far only two cases of antler osteochondromas have been reported suggests that these tumors are very rare.
本文报道了一例多发型骨软骨瘤病例，该病例发生于一只来自美国佐治亚州的成年野生白尾雄鹿（弗吉尼亚鹿）的鹿角及左颧骨。连同几块颅后骨一起，发现该个体长有鹿角的颅骨处于严重风化状态，且无任何软组织。鹿角上有五个带蒂外生骨疣，由松质骨组成，其周边部分还有矿化软骨。最大的外生骨疣位于右角，最大周长为55厘米。源于颧骨的外生骨疣基部较宽，比鹿角上的外生性赘生物小得多。外生骨疣诊断为骨软骨瘤是基于其整体形态、柄部区域的正常骨结构以及其海绵体和皮质与母体骨相应成分的连续性。基于以下两点在鉴别诊断中排除了鹿角瘤，即由于雄激素分泌不足在鹿角上形成的病理性赘生物：（1）鹿角明显成熟且除肿瘤外形状正常；（2）外生骨疣形成也累及了颧骨这一事实。此前科学文献中仅描述过一例鹿角孤立性骨软骨瘤病例。此处呈现的病例是首例关于鹿的多发型骨软骨瘤报告。由于鹿角经常作为战利品被收集，且每年都有大量鹿角接受严格检查，迄今为止仅报告了两例鹿角骨软骨瘤病例这一事实表明这些肿瘤非常罕见。
