Doctor Henry V
Columbia University , Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Population and Family Health, New York, NY, USA.
J Public Health Afr. 2012 Mar 7;3(1):e11. doi: 10.4081/jphia.2012.e11.
Studies worldwide have established a close link between higher socioeconomic status (SES) and demographic outcomes such as lower infant and child survival. This relationship has often been studied by utilizing information on ownership of household assets. Recently, we examined the effect of a proxy for SES on child survival in Malawi using the 1987 and 1998 census data. Results showed that in 1987 there was an increase in mortality for children belonging to poor households; in 1998 results were reversed: child mortality was higher among rich households and also among middle-aged women. Parallel analysis of the 1992 and 2000 Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) data showed similar results. We replicate our earlier analyses and assess whether the results persist in the 2004 DHS. Results show that child mortality is higher in richer households but at lower levels than those observed earlier owing to modest improvement in the living standards of people.
全球范围内的研究已证实较高的社会经济地位（SES）与人口统计结果之间存在紧密联系，比如较低的婴幼儿存活率。这种关系通常通过利用家庭资产所有权信息来进行研究。最近，我们利用1987年和1998年的人口普查数据，研究了SES的一个替代指标对马拉维儿童存活率的影响。结果显示，1987年贫困家庭儿童的死亡率有所上升；1998年结果则相反：富裕家庭以及中年女性中的儿童死亡率更高。对1992年和2000年人口与健康调查（DHS）数据的平行分析显示了类似结果。我们重复了早期的分析，并评估这些结果在2004年DHS数据中是否依然存在。结果表明，富裕家庭中的儿童死亡率更高，但由于人们生活水平的适度提高，该死亡率低于早期观察到的水平。
