Kevany Sebastian, Woelk Godfrey, Shade Starley B, Kulich Michal, Turan Janet M, Chingono Alfred, Morin Stephen F
University of California , San Francisco, USA.
Research Triangle International , North Carolina, USA.
J Public Health Afr. 2013 Jul 2;4(1):e1. doi: 10.4081/jphia.2013.e1. eCollection 2013 Jun 25.
Zimbabwe faces an acute generalized HIV/AIDS epidemic combined with rapidly deteriorating economic and political conditions, under which levels of domestic violence are on the rise. We aimed to determine possible demographic and behavioral factors associated with physical domestic violence in a rural setting in order to better inform both national and local domestic violence and HIV prevention policies. Using the Project Accept baseline data set, we selected demographic, socio-economic, and behavioral variables that might be associated with physical domestic violence based on a review of the literature. Univariate and multivariate analyses were carried out, and odds ratios (OR) were computed using logistic regression. Women reporting physical domestic violence were significantly more likely to report (i) a history of childhood domestic violence (OR=2.96, P<0.001), (ii) two or more lifetime partners (OR=1.94, P<0.001), (iii) some form of sexual abuse as a child (OR=1.82, not significant), and (iv) low or medium socio-economic status as measured by type of homestead (OR=1.4, P=0.04) than women who reported no experience of physical domestic violence. Married women were less likely to experience physical domestic violence than unmarried women (OR=0.65, P=0.011). Women at greatest risk of domestic violence include those with a personal history of violence or sexual abuse, multiple lifetime partners, and low or medium socio-economic status. Risk assessments and joint interventions for both domestic violence reduction and HIV prevention should target these population groups, which are effective both on the public health and global heath diplomacy levels.
津巴布韦面临着严重的艾滋病疫情，同时经济和政治状况迅速恶化，在此情况下家庭暴力事件不断增加。我们旨在确定农村地区与家庭身体暴力相关的可能的人口统计学和行为因素，以便更好地为国家和地方的家庭暴力及艾滋病预防政策提供参考。利用“项目接受”基线数据集，我们根据文献综述选择了可能与家庭身体暴力相关的人口统计学、社会经济和行为变量。进行了单变量和多变量分析，并使用逻辑回归计算优势比（OR）。报告遭受家庭身体暴力的女性比未报告遭受此类暴力的女性更有可能报告：（i）童年时期曾遭受家庭暴力（OR = 2.96，P < 0.001），（ii）有过两个或更多终身伴侣（OR = 1.94，P < 0.001），（iii）儿童时期遭受过某种形式的性虐待（OR = 1.82，不显著），以及（iv）根据宅基地类型衡量的社会经济地位较低或中等（OR = 1.4，P = 0.04）。已婚女性遭受家庭身体暴力的可能性低于未婚女性（OR = 0.65，P = 0.011）。遭受家庭暴力风险最大的女性包括那些有暴力或性虐待个人史、有多个终身伴侣以及社会经济地位较低或中等的女性。减少家庭暴力和预防艾滋病的风险评估及联合干预措施应针对这些人群，这在公共卫生和全球卫生外交层面都很有效。
