Busetta Annalisa, Cetorelli Valeria, Wilson Ben
Department of Economics, Business and Statistics (SEAS), University of Palermo, Viale delle scienze, ed. 13, 90128, Palermo, Italy.
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
J Immigr Minor Health. 2018 Apr;20(2):416-421. doi: 10.1007/s10903-017-0566-8.
Italy has a universal health care system that covers, in principle, the whole resident population, irrespective of citizenship and legal status. This study calculates the prevalence of unmet need for medical care among Italian citizens, regular and irregular immigrants and estimates logistic regression models to assess whether differences by citizenship and legal status hold true once adjusting for potential confounders. The analysis is based on two Surveys on Income and Living Conditions of Italian households and households with foreigners. Controlling for various factors, the odds of experiencing unmet need for medical care are 27% higher for regular immigrants than for Italian citizens and 59% higher for irregular immigrants. The gaps by citizenship and legal status are even more striking among those with chronic illnesses. These results reveal the high vulnerability of immigrants in Italy and the need to develop more effective policies to achieve health care access for all residents.
意大利拥有全民医疗保健系统，原则上覆盖全体居民，不论其公民身份和法律地位如何。本研究计算了意大利公民、合法和非法移民中未满足的医疗需求患病率，并估计了逻辑回归模型，以评估在调整潜在混杂因素后，公民身份和法律地位的差异是否依然成立。该分析基于两项针对意大利家庭和有外国人家庭的收入与生活条件调查。在控制了各种因素后，合法移民未满足医疗需求的几率比意大利公民高27%，非法移民则高59%。在慢性病患者中，公民身份和法律地位造成的差距更为显著。这些结果揭示了意大利移民的高度脆弱性，以及制定更有效政策以确保所有居民都能获得医疗保健的必要性。
