Bozhkova Valentina, Te Kronnie Geertruy, Timmermans Lucy P M
Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, GSP-4, Moscow, Russia.
Department of Animal Morphology and Cell Biology, Agricultural University, Marijkeweg 40, P.O. Box 318, NL-6709 PG, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Rouxs Arch Dev Biol. 1994 Oct;204(1):20-29. doi: 10.1007/BF00189064.
An analysis of carp blastoderm development was carried out in culture after isolation from the yolk cell and its yolk syncytial layer (YSL). The blastoderms were separated from the YSL at four different stages of embryogenesis: the blastula, early epiboly, early gastrula and late gastrula stages. Absence of the YSL in explants was checked by scanning electron microscopy. From observations of living embryos and histological examination of tissues which were formed in explants from all stages studied it was observed that they contained notochordal, muscle and neural tissue as signs of dorsal types of differentiation. Only in explants from the early and late gastrula stages were histotypical tissues organized in an embryonic-like body pattern. The data indicate that mesoderm differentiation in fish embryos is independent from the YSL, contrary to normal pattern formation which needs the presence of the YSL before the onset of gastrulation.
在从卵黄细胞及其卵黄合胞体层（YSL）分离后，对鲤鱼胚盘发育进行了体外分析。在胚胎发育的四个不同阶段将胚盘与YSL分离：囊胚期、早期卵裂期、早期原肠胚期和晚期原肠胚期。通过扫描电子显微镜检查外植体中YSL的缺失情况。通过对活胚胎的观察以及对所有研究阶段外植体中形成的组织进行组织学检查发现，它们含有脊索、肌肉和神经组织，作为背侧分化类型的标志。只有早期和晚期原肠胚期的外植体中的组织型组织以胚胎样的身体模式组织起来。数据表明，鱼类胚胎中的中胚层分化独立于YSL，这与正常模式形成相反，正常模式形成需要在原肠胚形成开始前存在YSL。
