Anderson Wendy B, Polis Gary A
Department of Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA, , , , , , US.
Oecologia. 1999 Mar;118(3):324-332. doi: 10.1007/s004420050733.
Energy and nutrient fluxes across habitat boundaries can exert profound direct and indirect effects on the dynamics of recipient systems. Transport from land to water is common and well studied; here, we document a less recognized process, substantial flows from water to land. On hyperarid, naturally nutrient poor islands in the Gulf of California, nutrient input via seabird guano directly increases N and P concentrations up to 6-fold in soils; these nutrients enrich plants. Nutrients in a long-lived cactus, a short-lived shrub, and annuals were 1.6- to 2.4-fold greater on bird versus nonbird islands. Because plant quality affects consumer growth and reproduction, we suggest that nutrient enrichment via guano ramifies to affect the entire food web on these islands.
跨栖息地边界的能量和养分通量会对受纳系统的动态产生深远的直接和间接影响。从陆地到水体的传输很常见且已得到充分研究；在此，我们记录了一个较少被认识到的过程，即从水体到陆地的大量流动。在加利福尼亚湾极度干旱、自然养分贫瘠的岛屿上，海鸟粪便输入的养分使土壤中的氮和磷浓度直接增加了高达6倍；这些养分使植物更加繁茂。在有鸟类栖息的岛屿与无鸟类栖息的岛屿上，长寿仙人掌、短命灌木和一年生植物中的养分含量高出1.6至2.4倍。由于植物质量会影响消费者的生长和繁殖，我们认为通过粪便实现的养分富集产生分支效应，进而影响这些岛屿上的整个食物网。
