Odum Howard T
Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, 32611, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Oecologia. 1995 Dec;104(4):518-522. doi: 10.1007/BF00341350.
The following rebuttal concerns energy systems concepts misrepresented in published critiques (Hagen 1992; Golley 1993; Mansson and McGlade 1993; Patten 1993). Commentary here defends the energy systems approach and shows limitations of exergy. The commentary tries to explain why analytic study of parts and mechanisms is only half of basic science. Part of the confusion created by critics lies in trying to describe phenomena at one scale by discussing systems parts separately on a smaller scale. "Straw dummies" (points of view that are misrepresented and thus easily faulted) which are important to ecology are corrected.
以下反驳涉及已发表评论文章（哈根，1992；戈利，1993；曼森和麦克格莱德，1993；帕滕，1993）中对能量系统概念的错误表述。此处的评论为能量系统方法进行辩护，并指出了火用的局限性。该评论试图解释为何对部分和机制的分析研究只是基础科学的一半。批评者造成的部分混淆在于，试图通过在较小尺度上分别讨论系统各部分来描述某一尺度上的现象。对生态学而言很重要的“稻草人”（被错误表述因而容易被指责的观点）得以纠正。
