Elamo Pirjo, Helander Marjo L, Saloniemi Irma, Neuvonen Seppo
Section of Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland e-mail:
Kevo Subarctic Research Institute, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland, , , , , , FI.
Oecologia. 1999 Feb;118(2):151-156. doi: 10.1007/s004420050713.
We investigated whether variation in foliar endophyte frequency among mountain birch trees from different maternal families was due in part to genetic differences among trees. The effect of different environmental conditions on the susceptibility of these mountain birch families to foliar endophytes was tested. The 3-year study was conducted in two tree gardens (altitudinal difference 180 m) with ten families of mountain birch. The frequency of the commonest endophytic fungus in mountain birch leaves, Fusicladium sp., was significantly affected by mountain birch family, with the ranking of families relative to Fusicladium sp. frequency being consistent from environment to environment. Variation in the frequency of Melanconium sp. was difficult to interpret because of significant family × garden × year interaction. Fusicladium sp. and Melanconium sp. endophytes were most frequent in different tree individuals, families and gardens. We conclude that mountain birch trees show heritable variation in their foliar endophyte frequency, and thus one of the conditions necessary for foliar endophytes of mountain birch trees to be able to affect the evolution of their host plant is fulfilled. However, the effect of mountain birch family on the frequency of endophytic fungi varies depending on the endophytic genera in question and partially also on environmental conditions.
我们研究了来自不同母系家族的山桦树叶片内生菌频率的差异是否部分归因于树木之间的遗传差异。测试了不同环境条件对这些山桦家族对叶片内生菌易感性的影响。这项为期3年的研究在两个树木园（海拔差异180米）中进行，涉及十个山桦家族。山桦树叶中最常见的内生真菌Fusicladium sp.的频率受山桦家族的显著影响，各家族相对于Fusicladium sp.频率的排名在不同环境中保持一致。由于显著的家族×树木园×年份交互作用，Melanconium sp.频率的变化难以解释。Fusicladium sp.和Melanconium sp.内生菌在不同的树木个体、家族和树木园中最为常见。我们得出结论，山桦树在其叶片内生菌频率上表现出可遗传的变异，因此山桦树叶片内生菌能够影响其宿主植物进化的必要条件之一得到了满足。然而，山桦家族对内生真菌频率的影响因所讨论的内生菌属而异，部分也取决于环境条件。
