Saunders Megan, Glenn Anthony E, Kohn Linda M
Environmental Studies, University of California Santa Cruz Santa Cruz, CA, USA ; Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, ON, Canada.
Toxicology and Mycotoxin Research Unit, Richard B. Russell Research Center USDA-ARS, Athens, GA, USA.
Evol Appl. 2010 Sep;3(5-6):525-37. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-4571.2010.00141.x. Epub 2010 Jul 7.
All plants, including crop species, harbor a community of fungal endophyte species, yet we know little about the biotic factors that are important in endophyte community assembly. We suggest that the most direct route to understanding the mechanisms underlying community assembly is through the study of functional trait variation in the host and its fungal consortium. We review studies on crop endophytes that investigate plant and fungal traits likely to be important in endophyte community processes. We focus on approaches that could speed detection of general trends in endophyte community assembly: (i) use of the 'assembly rules' concept to identify specific mechanisms that influence endophyte community dynamics, (ii) measurement of functional trait variation in plants and fungi to better understand endophyte community processes and plant-fungal interactions, and (iii) investigation of microbe-microbe interactions, and fungal traits that mediate them. This approach is well suited for research in agricultural systems, where pair-wise host-fungus interactions and mechanisms of fungal-fungal competition have frequently been described. Areas for consideration include the possibility that human manipulation of crop phenotype and deployment of fungal biocontrol species can significantly influence endophyte community assembly. Evaluation of endophyte assembly rules may help to fine-tune crop management strategies.
所有植物，包括农作物品种，都含有真菌内生菌群落，但我们对在内生菌群落组装中起重要作用的生物因素了解甚少。我们认为，理解群落组装潜在机制的最直接途径是通过研究宿主及其真菌共生体的功能性状变异。我们回顾了关于作物内生菌的研究，这些研究调查了可能在内生菌群落过程中起重要作用的植物和真菌性状。我们关注能够加速检测内生菌群落组装总体趋势的方法：（i）使用“组装规则”概念来识别影响内生菌群落动态的具体机制，（ii）测量植物和真菌的功能性状变异，以更好地理解内生菌群落过程和植物 - 真菌相互作用，以及（iii）研究微生物 - 微生物相互作用以及介导这些相互作用的真菌性状。这种方法非常适合农业系统的研究，在农业系统中，常常描述了宿主 - 真菌的成对相互作用以及真菌 - 真菌竞争的机制。需要考虑的领域包括人类对作物表型的操纵以及真菌生物防治物种的部署可能会显著影响内生菌群落组装的可能性。评估内生菌组装规则可能有助于微调作物管理策略。
