Gange Alan C, Bower Erica, Brown Valerie K
School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham Hill, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK e-mail:
CABI Bioscience Environment UK Centre (Ascot), Silwood Park, Buckhurst Road, Ascot, Berks., SL5 7TA, UK, , , , , , GB.
Oecologia. 1999 Jul;120(1):123-131. doi: 10.1007/s004420050840.
Two generations of two aphid species (Myzus ascalonicus and M. persicae) were reared on Plantago lanceolata plants, with and without root colonization by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Glomus intraradices. Life history traits of the aphids measured were nymphal development time, teneral adult weight, growth rate, total fecundity, adult longevity and duration of post-reproductive life. For both aphids in both generations, mycorrhizal colonization increased aphid weight and fecundity, while other traits were unaffected. The increases were consistent between generations. In a second experiment, M. persicae was reared on plants with and without the fungus, under varying N and P regimes. The results of N addition were inconclusive because there was high aphid mortality. However, under P supplementation, positive effects of the mycorrhiza on aphid growth were seen at low and medium P levels, while at high P levels these effects disappeared. The positive effects of mycorrhizal colonization reported here are contrary to the majority of previous studies with chewing insects, which have reported negative effects. A number of possible mechanisms for this apparent discrepancy are discussed.
两代两种蚜虫（灰蚜和桃蚜）在有无丛枝菌根真菌根内球囊霉定殖的披针叶车前草植株上饲养。所测定的蚜虫生活史特征包括若虫发育时间、羽化后成虫体重、生长速率、总繁殖力、成虫寿命和繁殖后期时长。对于两代的两种蚜虫而言，菌根定殖均增加了蚜虫的体重和繁殖力，而其他特征未受影响。两代之间的增加情况一致。在第二个实验中，桃蚜在有无该真菌的植株上饲养，处于不同的氮和磷供应条件下。添加氮的结果尚无定论，因为蚜虫死亡率很高。然而，在补充磷的情况下，在低磷和中磷水平时可观察到菌根对蚜虫生长的积极影响，而在高磷水平时这些影响消失。此处报道的菌根定殖的积极影响与之前大多数针对咀嚼式昆虫的研究结果相反，那些研究报告的是负面影响。文中讨论了造成这种明显差异的一些可能机制。
