Schwörer Ulrich, Völkl Wolfgang, Hoffmann Klaus H
Department of Animal Ecology, University of Bayreuth, P.O. Box 101251, D-95440 Bayreuth, Germany, , , , , , DE.
Oecologia. 1999 Apr;119(1):73-80. doi: 10.1007/s004420050762.
Males of the aphid hyperparasitoid Dendrocerus carpenteri (Curtis) were attracted by a sex pheromone released by conspecific females. The intensity of this cue, and thus female attractiveness, depended both on the female's mating status and her age. Only virgin females younger than 2 h were consistently recognized as mates by foraging males. Male age did not influence foraging and mating success. Empty mummies, from which females had emerged within the previous 10 min were attractive to males and examined intensively. Rain reduced the searching success of males, although the host plant Vicia faba provided sheltered places. Wind did not reduce mating success but prevented both sexes from leaving the host plant. Since the time of female attractiveness seems to be very limited, wind may have an enormous effect on the mating success of D. carpenteri in the field and thus on the population dynamics of this species.
蚜虫重寄生蜂卡氏枝跗瘿蚊（Dendrocerus carpenteri，柯蒂斯）的雄虫会被同种雌虫释放的性信息素所吸引。这种信号的强度，进而雌虫的吸引力，既取决于雌虫的交配状态，也取决于其年龄。只有羽化后不到2小时的未交配雌虫能始终被觅食的雄虫识别为配偶。雄虫的年龄不影响觅食和交配成功率。在过去10分钟内雌虫已羽化而出的空茧对雄虫有吸引力，并会被它们仔细检查。降雨降低了雄虫的搜索成功率，不过寄主植物蚕豆提供了遮蔽场所。风不会降低交配成功率，但会阻止两性离开寄主植物。由于雌虫具有吸引力的时间似乎非常有限，风可能会对卡氏枝跗瘿蚊在野外的交配成功率产生巨大影响，进而影响该物种的种群动态。
