Phillipson J, Bolton P J
Animal Ecology Research Group, Zoology Department, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
Oecologia. 1976 Jun;22(2):135-152. doi: 10.1007/BF00344713.
Open-system infra red gas analysis was used to measure the CO output throughout a year of four species of earthworm. The respiratory quotients (R.Q.s) of the four species were determined by means of a Warburg apparatus and it was found that they varied with season. In some instances R.Q.s did not fall within the expected range of 0.7 to 1.0 and the low values were attributed to calciferous gland activity and the fixation of metabolic CO.The results from CO output measurements at 10°C and R.Q.s were used to calculate oxygen uptake, this varied seasonally but the mean annual values at 10°C for adult, large immature and small immature A. rosea were 64.17, 72.66 and 78.56 μl O g fresh wt h respectively. Mixed size groups of L. castaneus had a mean annual oxygen consumption at 10°C of 155.83 μl O g fresh wt h and equivalent values for D. rubida and O. cyaneum were 112.02 and 69.35 μl O g fresh wt h. The apparent relationship between a high respiratory rate per unit weight and a litter dwelling habit (e.g. L. castaneus and D. rubida) disappeared when allowance was made for the weight of gut contents. Mean annual values for oxygen uptake in μl O g gut free fresh wt h at 10°C were L. castaneus (194.79), D. rubida (142.22), A. rosea (95.70) and O. cyaneum (139.28). No size specific metabolism could be demonstrated either within or between species, this is believed to be correlated with the different levels of activity shown by different species and their life stages.Rates of oxygen consumption per unit weight for A. rosea were shown to be proportional to ambient temperature. Q slopes of this relation, between 6 and 15°C, were higher for large immature A. rosea (2.42) and small immatures (1.96) than for adult clitellate worms (1.42). The mean Q relationship for all size classes of A. rosea was 1.93 over the same temperature range and the equivalent value for cocoons was 1.63. The relationship between the oxygen consumption rate of all size classes of A. rosea and ambient temperature was not significantly affected by acclimatisation at 5 and 10° C prior to measurements being made at 6, 10 and 15° C.
采用开放系统红外气体分析法，对四种蚯蚓全年的二氧化碳排出量进行了测量。利用瓦氏呼吸仪测定了这四种蚯蚓的呼吸商（R.Q.），发现其随季节变化。在某些情况下，呼吸商不在预期的0.7至1.0范围内，较低的值归因于含钙腺的活动以及代谢产生的二氧化碳的固定。利用在10°C时的二氧化碳排出量测量结果和呼吸商来计算氧气摄取量，其随季节变化，但10°C时成年、大型未成熟和小型未成熟玫瑰蚓的年平均值分别为64.17、72.66和78.56微升氧气/克鲜重/小时。混合大小组的栗钙蚓在10°C时的年平均耗氧量为155.83微升氧气/克鲜重/小时，红蚓和蓝蚓的相应值分别为112.02和69.35微升氧气/克鲜重/小时。当考虑到肠道内容物的重量时，单位体重高呼吸率与栖息于落叶层习性（如栗钙蚓和红蚓）之间的明显关系消失了。10°C时，以微升氧气/克无肠道内容物鲜重/小时为单位的年平均氧气摄取量，栗钙蚓为（194.79），红蚓为（142.22），玫瑰蚓为（95.70），蓝蚓为（139.28）。在种内或种间均未显示出特定大小的代谢，这被认为与不同物种及其生命阶段所表现出的不同活动水平相关。玫瑰蚓单位体重的氧气消耗率与环境温度成正比。在6至15°C之间，大型未成熟玫瑰蚓（2.42）和小型未成熟玫瑰蚓（1.96）的这种关系的Q斜率高于成年环带蚓（1.42）。在相同温度范围内，所有大小类别的玫瑰蚓的平均Q关系为1.93，茧的相应值为1.63。在6、10和15°C进行测量之前，在5和10°C进行驯化，对所有大小类别的玫瑰蚓的氧气消耗率与环境温度之间的关系没有显著影响。
