White R R
Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, 94305, Stanford, California.
Oecologia. 1974 Dec;14(4):307-315. doi: 10.1007/BF00384575.
Investigation of larval food plant relationships of populations of Euphydryas editha Boisduval throughout California demonstrated three striking phenomena. First, relationships between butterflies and plants were found to be highly variable among populations utilizing different (but related) food plants. Second, defoliation of food plants was quite common and often extensive; this is contrary to the widely accepted generalization that herbivores rarely defoliate their food plants. Third, larval starvation was the rule, occurring to some extent in most of the populations investigated.
对整个加利福尼亚州艾迪塔裳凤蝶种群幼虫食草植物关系的调查揭示了三个显著现象。首先，在利用不同（但相关）食草植物的种群中，蝴蝶与植物之间的关系差异很大。其次，食草植物的落叶现象非常普遍，而且往往很严重；这与普遍接受的观点相悖，即食草动物很少使其食草植物落叶。第三，幼虫饥饿是常态，在所调查的大多数种群中都有不同程度的发生。
