Wilbert H, Lauenstein G
Entomologische Abteilung, Institut für Pflanzenpathologie und Pflanzenschutz der Universität Göttingen, Gottingen, Deutschland.
Oecologia. 1974 Dec;16(4):311-322. doi: 10.1007/BF00344740.
In the laboratory, the females of the polyphagous aphid parasite Aphelinus asychis accepted vetch aphids (Megoura viciae on Vicia faba) for oviposition and host feeding as readily as peach aphids (Myzus persicae on Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes) of the same size. However, the vetch aphids defended themselves less often; consequently, they were parasitized more frequently.With very few exceptions, all parasite larvae in the vetch aphids died after some days. Blood reactions were scarcely notized. In the peach aphids, development went on normally.After one day with Me. viciae, fecundity of Aphelinus females was reduced during the next day with My. persicae. At room temperature, the average longevity of the adult females was 3.0 days with Me. viciae but 15.2 days with My. persicae. Additional supply with glucose solution extended the life span in both cases.If honeydew from My. persicae (without aphids) or glucose solution was offered to the females they lived for about one month, whereas they died after 3-4 days without any nutrition. With honeydew from Me. viciae they reached a medium life span of 6.7 days. Peach aphids which were cemented each morning to the bottom of the vial for host feeding and (to a lesser degree) oviposition (nearly without honeydew) sustained the life of Aphelinus females for 2 weeks; cemented vetch aphids, however, reduced the longevity significantly when offered alone or in addition to glucose solution or cemented peach aphids.Consequently, Me. viciae is unsuitable not only for the development of the larvae but also for the permanent nutrition of the adult females of A. asychis. This applies to the hemolymph as well as to the honeydew of that species.
在实验室中，多食性蚜虫寄生蜂阿氏蚜小蜂（Aphelinus asychis）的雌蜂接受蚕豆蚜（Vicia faba上的Megoura viciae）用于产卵和寄主取食的程度与接受相同大小的桃蚜（Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes上的Myzus persicae）一样容易。然而，蚕豆蚜较少进行自我防御；因此，它们被寄生的频率更高。几乎无一例外，蚕豆蚜体内的所有寄生蜂幼虫几天后都会死亡。几乎未观察到血液反应。在桃蚜体内，发育正常进行。在接触蚕豆蚜一天后，阿氏蚜小蜂雌蜂的繁殖力在接下来接触桃蚜的一天中降低。在室温下，以蚕豆蚜为食时成年雌蜂的平均寿命为3.0天，而以桃蚜为食时为15.2天。额外提供葡萄糖溶液在两种情况下都能延长寿命。如果向雌蜂提供桃蚜的蜜露（无蚜虫）或葡萄糖溶液，它们能存活约一个月，而在没有任何营养的情况下3 - 4天后就会死亡。以蚕豆蚜的蜜露为食时，它们的平均寿命为6.7天。每天早上粘在小瓶底部用于寄主取食和（在较小程度上）产卵（几乎没有蜜露）的桃蚜能维持阿氏蚜小蜂雌蜂2周的生命；然而，单独提供或与葡萄糖溶液或粘有桃蚜一起提供时，粘有蚕豆蚜会显著缩短寿命。因此，蚕豆蚜不仅不适用于阿氏蚜小蜂幼虫的发育，也不适用于成年雌蜂的长期营养。这适用于该物种的血淋巴以及蜜露。
