Wang Shengyin, Wang Libo, Liu Jiawen, Zhang Dayu, Liu Tongxian
College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
College of Economic and Management, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
Insects. 2021 Sep 14;12(9):823. doi: 10.3390/insects12090823.
The female adult is an important arrhenotocous parthenogenesis parasitoid of , and its reproductive mode is beneficial for the population continuation of by way of multiple mating and backcross. To explore the effect of mating on the population fitness and control efficiency of , its mating frequency and backcross were observed under laboratory conditions. The results showed that most matings in involved four distinct stages: courtship, pre-copulatory, copulation, and post-copulatory behaviours. Only the duration of courtship increased significantly with an increase in copulation frequency for females, and the courtship duration of females mated with different males were significantly shorter than those mated with the same male at the same mating times, which suggested that females might prefer to mate with different males to enrich the genotype of their offspring. The total number of mummified aphids and the female and male longevity decreased significantly with an increase in mating frequency. On the contrary, female progenies increased significantly with an increase of mating frequency, suggesting that sperm limitation might occur in females when they only mated once. These results imply that females might prefer to receive more sperm by mating multiple times in their life span. In addition, we found that the intrinsic rate of increase () of of the control group (0.2858 d) was significantly greater than that in the backcross treatment (0.2687 d). The finite killing rate () of of the control group was similar to that in the backcross treatment, which showed that this treatment had a negligible negative effect on the control efficiency of . In conclusion, the results showed that multiple mating increased the number and proportion of female progenies but shortened the longevity of female and male adults, while the negative effect of backcross on the control efficiency of was negligible.
雌性成虫是一种重要的产雄孤雌生殖寄生蜂，其生殖方式有利于通过多次交配和回交实现种群延续。为探究交配对其种群适合度和防治效果的影响，在实验室条件下观察了其交配频率和回交情况。结果表明，该蜂的大多数交配行为包括四个不同阶段：求偶、交配前、交配和交配后行为。仅雌性求偶持续时间随交配频率增加显著延长，且在相同交配次数下，与不同雄蜂交配的雌性求偶持续时间显著短于与同一雄蜂交配的雌性，这表明雌性可能更倾向于与不同雄蜂交配以丰富后代基因型。随着交配频率增加，被寄生蚜虫的总数以及雌、雄成虫寿命显著缩短。相反，随着交配频率增加，雌性后代数量显著增加，这表明雌性仅交配一次时可能存在精子限制。这些结果表明，雌性可能倾向于在其寿命期间通过多次交配获得更多精子。此外，我们发现对照组的内禀增长率（0.2858 d⁻¹）显著高于回交处理组（0.2687 d⁻¹）。对照组的有限杀灭率与回交处理组相似，这表明该处理对其防治效果的负面影响可忽略不计。总之，结果表明多次交配增加了雌性后代数量和比例，但缩短了雌、雄成虫寿命，而回交对其防治效果的负面影响可忽略不计。
