Reice Seth R
Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, 27514, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Oecologia. 1985 Aug;67(1):90-97. doi: 10.1007/BF00378456.
In order to test the role of disturbance and the effects of disturbance frequency on stream communities, an experiment was conducted in New Hope Creek, North Carolina, USA. Patches of cobbles were tumbled 0, 1 or 2 times in a 6 week span. These tumbling disturbances lasted only 30 seconds. The recovery of the macroinvertebrates was monitored.Most taxa showed major reductions in population density immediately following the disturbance. The percent reduction of a given taxon in disturbed vs. control patches ranged from 21.4-95%. Recovery to near normal population levels was achieved in about four weeks. A second disturbance caused similar population reductions as the first one, and delayed the recovery.The macroinvertebrate community in cobbles was demonstrated to be resilient in that populations quickly regained their predisturbance densities. Rare taxa did not selectively colonize disturbed patches. The implications of these findings for the intermediate disturbance hypothesis and the structure of stream communities is discussed. Disturbance is a major determinant of lotic community structure and species diversity.
为了测试干扰的作用以及干扰频率对溪流群落的影响，在美国北卡罗来纳州的新希望溪进行了一项实验。在六周的时间内，将卵石斑块翻滚0次、1次或2次。这些翻滚干扰仅持续30秒。对大型无脊椎动物的恢复情况进行了监测。大多数分类单元在干扰后种群密度立即大幅下降。与对照斑块相比，受干扰斑块中特定分类单元的减少百分比在21.4%至95%之间。大约四周后恢复到接近正常的种群水平。第二次干扰导致的种群减少与第一次相似，并延迟了恢复。卵石中的大型无脊椎动物群落表现出恢复力，因为种群迅速恢复到干扰前的密度。稀有分类单元没有选择性地在受干扰斑块中定殖。讨论了这些发现对中度干扰假说和溪流群落结构的影响。干扰是河流群落结构和物种多样性的主要决定因素。
