Karban Richard
Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, 19104, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Oecologia. 1981 Jul;49(3):385-390. doi: 10.1007/BF00347604.
Periodical cicadas (Magicicada spp.) rarely flew distances greater than 50 m across an open field or along a forest edge. Most cicadas caught after flying 50 m or more were females and all of these females had mated. Flights were most common when adults were 2 to 3 weeks old. Among insects in general, most dispersing individuals are barely post-teneral or extremely young. Cicadas are discussed as an exception to this generality. Both sexes of cicadas are attracted by the male song to chorusing centers for mating (Alexander and Moore 1958). Trees which were chorusing centers had more eggnests than those which were not, suggesting a lack of postmating dispersal from the chorusing trees.
周期蝉（魔蝉属）很少会在开阔田野或沿着森林边缘飞行超过50米的距离。大多数飞行超过50米后被捕获的蝉都是雌蝉，并且所有这些雌蝉都已交配。当成虫2至3周龄时飞行最为常见。一般来说，在昆虫中，大多数扩散个体刚过羽化期或极其年幼。蝉被认为是这一普遍情况的例外。蝉的雌雄两性都会被雄蝉的歌声吸引到合唱中心进行交配（亚历山大和摩尔，1958年）。作为合唱中心的树木比不是合唱中心的树木有更多的卵窝，这表明从合唱树上没有发生交配后的扩散。
