Taigen Theodore L, Emerson Sharon B, Pough F Harvey
Section of Ecology and Systematics, Langmuir Laboratory, Cornell University, 14850, Ithaca, New York.
Department of Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago Circle, Box 4348, 60680, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
Oecologia. 1982 Jan;52(1):49-56. doi: 10.1007/BF00349011.
Studies of exercise physiology of anuran amphibians have led to the suggestion that there is a dichotomy between species that depend upon movement to escape from predators and species that utilize static defenses. This generalization has been based upon a limited taxonomic survey and it contrasts with morphological, ecological, and behavioral studies that have revealed diverse and complex interrelationships among these features of anuran biology. We tested the hypothesis of a dichotomy of physiological types among anurans by measuring aerobic and anaerobic metabolism during maximum exercise for 17 species representing seven families and a variety of ecological types and locomotor modes. All degrees of dependence upon aerobic and anaerobic power input were found among the 17 species and the variation did not follow phylogenetic divisions. No single, simple prediction of the predominant source of power utilized for activity by the anurans we studied is possible. Predator avoidance behavior was not significantly correlated with the metabolic pattern. Predatory mode (active versus passive searchers) and mode of locomotion (non-jumpers versus jumpers) were correlated with dependence upon aerobic energy production and with each other. Reproductive behavior is probably another associated factor. The diversity of modes of power input among anurans is great and is intimately linked with numerous features of a species' biology. Single-factor explanations of this physiological characteristic are not appropriate.
对无尾两栖动物运动生理学的研究表明，依赖移动逃避捕食者的物种和利用静态防御的物种之间存在二分法。这种概括基于有限的分类学调查，并且与形态学、生态学和行为学研究形成对比，这些研究揭示了无尾两栖动物生物学这些特征之间多样而复杂的相互关系。我们通过测量代表七个科以及各种生态类型和运动模式的17个物种在最大运动时的有氧和无氧代谢，来检验无尾两栖动物生理类型二分法的假设。在这17个物种中发现了对有氧和无氧能量输入的各种依赖程度，并且这种变化并不遵循系统发育划分。对于我们研究的无尾两栖动物用于活动的主要能量来源，不可能做出单一、简单的预测。逃避捕食者行为与代谢模式没有显著相关性。捕食模式（主动搜索者与被动搜索者）和运动模式（非跳跃者与跳跃者）与对有氧能量产生的依赖以及它们彼此之间都存在相关性。繁殖行为可能是另一个相关因素。无尾两栖动物能量输入模式具有很大的多样性，并且与物种生物学的众多特征密切相关。对这种生理特征进行单因素解释并不合适。
