Roland Jens
Institute of Animal Resource Ecology, University of British Columbia, 2075 Wesbrook Mall, V6T 1W5, Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
Oecologia. 1982 Jan;53(2):214-221. doi: 10.1007/BF00545666.
The hypothesis that increased melanism provides a benefit in prolonging diel activity through more efficient absorption of solar radiation was tested in the field on a population of alpine Colias sulphur butterflies. A marked increase in the duration of flight and feeding behaviour existed for melanistic individuals when compared to lighter individuals under cool temperatures and low intensity solar radiation. More melanistic butterflies moved longer distance per day, and emigrated from the population at a faster rate. At high temperature and high radiant load lighter coloured individuals appeared more active. This is the first field demonstration of the advantage of melanism for increasing activity of ectotherms in cold environments.
通过更有效地吸收太阳辐射，黑化增加有利于延长昼夜活动时间这一假说，在野外对一群高山云粉蝶进行了测试。与浅色个体相比，在凉爽温度和低强度太阳辐射下，黑化个体的飞行和取食行为持续时间显著增加。更多黑化蝴蝶每天移动的距离更长，并且以更快的速度从种群中迁出。在高温和高辐射负荷下，浅色个体显得更为活跃。这是黑化有利于在寒冷环境中增加变温动物活动的首个野外证据。
