Hoffmann Alicia J, Fuentes Eduardo R, Cortés Irma, Liberona Flavia, Costa Virginia
Departmento de Biología Ambiental y de Poblaciones, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago, Chile.
Oecologia. 1986 May;69(2):202-206. doi: 10.1007/BF00377622.
Interactions between a Chilean mistletoe, quintral (Tristerix tetrandrus, Loranthaceae) and its potential host plants were studied at a site with mediterranean type climate. The results show that the distribution of T. tetrandrus is related to the behavior of avian dispersers, which feed on its fruit, and evacuate the seeds at random in the field, but the distribution is also influenced bymicroenvironmental conditions, survival of seedlings is hampered at drier locations. The infection capacity of the seeds is increased after birds have eliminated the fruit coat.Survival of T. tetrandrus seeds differed depending on the species to which they were attached experimentally. Seeds germinated, and plants developed on Colliguaya odorifera and Kageneckia oblonga, previously reported as susceptible to infection. Survival was significantly higher on C. odorifera, although in the field it is infected less frequently than K. oblonga. In species on which no T. tetrandrus has been previously reported, resistance to infection might be ascribed to different mechanisms: in Quillaja saponaria, differentiation of cork layers apparently prevents penetration by haustoria; in Lithraea caustica haustoria enter the cortex and phloem, but no further development ensues. K. oblonga seldom bears more than one T. tetrandrus plant. Experimental inoculations showed that significantly more seeds developed into plants on K. oblonga individuals not previously infected with quintral, suggesting that they become resistant to infection.
在一个具有地中海型气候的地点，对智利槲寄生（Quintral，学名Tristerix tetrandrus，桑寄生科）与其潜在寄主植物之间的相互作用进行了研究。结果表明，四蕊三丝槲寄生（T. tetrandrus）的分布与以其果实为食并在野外随机排泄种子的鸟类传播者行为有关，但分布也受到微环境条件的影响，在较干燥的地点，幼苗的存活受到阻碍。鸟类去除果实外皮后，种子的感染能力增强。四蕊三丝槲寄生种子的存活率因实验附着的物种而异。种子在先前报道易受感染的香胶木（Colliguaya odorifera）和长叶卡氏木（Kageneckia oblonga）上发芽并生长出植株。在香胶木上的存活率显著更高，尽管在野外它比长叶卡氏木感染频率更低。在先前未报道有四蕊三丝槲寄生的物种中，对感染的抗性可能归因于不同机制：在皂树（Quillaja saponaria）中，木栓层的分化显然阻止了吸器的穿透；在毒漆树（Lithraea caustica）中，吸器进入皮层和韧皮部，但没有进一步发育。长叶卡氏木很少承载超过一株四蕊三丝槲寄生植株。实验接种表明，在先前未感染过quintral的长叶卡氏木个体上，发育成植株的种子显著更多，这表明它们对感染产生了抗性。
