Fuentes Eduardo R, Otaiza Ricardo D, Alliende M Catalina, Hoffmann Alicia, Poiani Aldo
Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Casilla 114-D, Santiago, Chile.
Oecologia. 1984 Jun;62(3):405-411. doi: 10.1007/BF00384275.
Previous studies have claimed that the Chilean matorral is more open than the Califonia chaparral, and have attributed this dissimilarity largely to the role of man in Chile. In this paper we show that in general the Chilean matorral has a structure better described as shrub clumps that merge to form a continuous vegetation matrix only in very mesic habitats, where it is comparable to the Califonia chaparral. We also present evidence that these clumps have been present for at least the last 26 years and that even without human disturbance they are likely to maintain themselves. Evidence for the latter pertains to seed dispersal, seed germination and establishment, seedling survival, and the diameter size structure of shrub clumps. Finally, we propose that differences between the California chaparral and Chilean matorral are more profound than previously thought and are due not only to different degrees of human disturbance, but also to the presence of periodical natural fires in California and not in Chile, and to different shrub recruitment patterns and mammalian herbivore activity in the two areas.
以往的研究称，智利灌丛比加利福尼亚灌丛更为开阔，并将这种差异主要归因于人类在智利所起的作用。在本文中，我们表明，总体而言，智利灌丛的结构更宜描述为灌木丛，只有在非常湿润的栖息地，这些灌木丛才会合并形成连续的植被基质，在这种情况下它与加利福尼亚灌丛相当。我们还提供证据表明，这些灌木丛至少在过去26年里一直存在，而且即使没有人类干扰，它们也可能维持自身状态。后者的证据涉及种子传播、种子萌发与定植、幼苗存活以及灌木丛的直径大小结构。最后，我们提出，加利福尼亚灌丛和智利灌丛之间的差异比之前认为的更为深刻，这不仅是由于人类干扰程度不同，还由于加利福尼亚有周期性的自然火灾而智利没有，以及两个地区不同的灌木更新模式和哺乳动物食草动物活动。
