Heaney Lawrence R
Museum of Zoology and Division of Biological Sciences, University of Michigan, 48109, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Oecologia. 1984 Jan;61(1):11-17. doi: 10.1007/BF00379083.
A rich mammalian fauna is found on islands that lie on the Sunda Shelf, a continental shelf extending from Vietnam to Borneo and Java that was periodically exposed as dry land during the Pleistocene. The correlation between log of island area and number of species is high (r =0.94); the slope of the curve is moderate (z=0.235). Distance from small islands to "source areas" (=Borneo, Sumatra, and the Malay Peninsula) does not appear to affect species richness, nor does depth of water to source area (a measure of isolation time). A species-area curve for forest reserves of varying sizes on the Malay Peninsula has a low slope (z=0.104); comparison of the mainlaind and island curves indicates that decreasing island area is strongly correlated with increased extinction. Extinction has left reduced but ecologically balanced sets of species on all islands, except that carnivores are under-represented on all but the largest islands. Initial body size and rarity appear to play a significant role in determining the probability of extinction of individual species.
在巽他陆架上的岛屿发现了丰富的哺乳动物群，巽他陆架是一个从越南延伸至婆罗洲和爪哇的大陆架，在更新世期间曾周期性地露出成为陆地。岛屿面积对数与物种数量之间的相关性很高（r = 0.94）；曲线斜率适中（z = 0.235）。小岛到“源区”（=婆罗洲、苏门答腊和马来半岛）的距离似乎不影响物种丰富度，到源区的水深（隔离时间的一种度量）也不影响。马来半岛不同规模森林保护区的物种 - 面积曲线斜率较低（z = 0.104）；对大陆和岛屿曲线的比较表明，岛屿面积减小与灭绝增加密切相关。除了最大的岛屿外，其他岛屿上的食肉动物数量不足，灭绝使所有岛屿上的物种数量减少但生态保持平衡。初始体型和稀有程度在决定单个物种灭绝的可能性方面似乎起着重要作用。
