Taper Mark L, Zimmerman Eric M, Case Ted J
Department of Biology, U.C.S.D., 92093, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Oecologia. 1986 Sep;68(3):437-445. doi: 10.1007/BF01036752.
Emergence success was determined for 1300 galls of the cynipid waspDryocosmus dubiosus. Galls were collected throughout a single host tree (a California coast live oakQuercus agrifolia). Each gall was reared individually in small gelatin capsules. For each gall data was recorded on 17 parameters characterizing hyperparasitism, fungal infestation, leaf tannin levels, inter- and intraspecific competition, and spatial position within the tree. Using contingency table analysis and logistic regression, we determined that the most significant factors influencing the success ofD. dubiosus galls are 1) fungal infestation and 2) chalcid hyperparasitism, both having negative effects. Of the factors investigated we found that leaf tannin level had the strongest influence on the degree of fungal infestation. Fungal infestation, in turn, is lowest in regions of high leaf tannins.
对1300个瘿蜂Dryocosmus dubiosus的虫瘿进行了羽化成功率测定。虫瘿取自一棵单独的寄主树（一棵加利福尼亚海岸活橡树Quercus agrifolia）。每个虫瘿分别在小明胶胶囊中饲养。对于每个虫瘿，记录了17个参数的数据，这些参数表征了重寄生、真菌感染、叶片单宁水平、种间和种内竞争以及树内的空间位置。通过列联表分析和逻辑回归，我们确定影响D. dubiosus虫瘿成功羽化的最重要因素是：1）真菌感染和2）小蜂重寄生，二者均有负面影响。在研究的因素中，我们发现叶片单宁水平对真菌感染程度的影响最强。反过来，在高叶片单宁区域，真菌感染率最低。
