MacIsaac Hugh J, Sprules Gary, Johannson Ora E, Leach J H
Department of Zoology, University of Toronto, Erindale College, L5L 1C6, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Great Lakes Laboratory for Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, L7R 4A6, Burlington, Ontario, Canada.
Oecologia. 1992 Oct;92(1):30-39. doi: 10.1007/BF00317259.
We assessed the feeding biology of veliger larvae of the introduced zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha Pallas) in laboratory experiments using inert microspheres as food analogues. Mean clearance rate on 2.87-μm beads ranged between 247 and 420 μL veliger day. Clearance rate was unrelated to bead concentration up to 100 beads μL, but was positively correlated with veliger shell length. Clearance rates of Dreissena veligers are within the range of those reported for marine bivalve veligers of similar size and for herbivorous Great Lakes microzooplankton, but are orders of magnitude lower than those of settled, conspecific adults. The impact of settled zebra mussel grazing activities on phytoplankton stocks may be up to 1162 times greater than that exerted by veliger populations in western Lake Erie. Based on 1990 size-frequency distributions and associated literature-derived clearance rates, reef-associated Dreissena populations in western Lake Erie (mean depth ∼7 m) possess a tremendous potential to filter the water column (up to 132 m m day) and redirect energy from pelagic to benthic foodwebs. Preliminary analyses indicate that chlorophyll a concentration is strongly depleted (<1 μg L) above Dreissena beds in western Lake Erie.
我们在实验室实验中，使用惰性微球作为食物类似物，评估了入侵物种斑马贻贝（Dreissena polymorpha Pallas）面盘幼虫的摄食生物学特性。对直径2.87微米珠子的平均清除率在247至420微升/面盘幼虫·天之间。在珠子浓度达到100个/微升之前，清除率与珠子浓度无关，但与面盘幼虫的壳长呈正相关。斑马贻贝面盘幼虫的清除率处于报道的类似大小的海洋双壳类面盘幼虫以及伊利湖草食性微型浮游动物的清除率范围内，但比成熟的同物种成体低几个数量级。在伊利湖西部，成熟斑马贻贝的摄食活动对浮游植物种群的影响可能比面盘幼虫种群的影响大1162倍。根据1990年的大小频率分布以及相关文献得出的清除率，伊利湖西部与礁石相关的斑马贻贝种群（平均深度约7米）具有过滤水柱（高达132米/天）并将能量从浮游食物网重新导向底栖食物网的巨大潜力。初步分析表明，伊利湖西部斑马贻贝床上方的叶绿素a浓度大幅降低（<1微克/升）。
