Silertown J
Biology Department, Open University, Walton Hall, MK7 6AA, Milton Keynes, UK.
Oecologia. 1987 Apr;72(1):157-159. doi: 10.1007/BF00385060.
Most plants are hermaphrodite (cosexual). Charnov et al. (1976) advanced the hypothesis that cosexuality is favoured in plants because a convex fitness set is generated by a non-additive relationship between male and female resource costs. In the first experimental test of this hypothesis, reproductive costs were measured in a male x female factorial design using male, female, cosexual, and neuter cucumber plants. Costs were measured by plant's vegetative growth response to treatments. The results show that male costs in the system used have negligible effect upon plant growth and female function, and imply a convex fitness set, in accordance with Charnov et al.'s model. Female function (fruit set) has an inhibitory effect upon vegetative growth and male flower production, favouring protandry.
大多数植物是雌雄同体的（两性同体）。查诺夫等人（1976年）提出了一个假说，即两性同体在植物中是有利的，因为雄性和雌性资源成本之间的非加性关系产生了一个凸适应性集。在对这一假说的首次实验测试中，使用雄性、雌性、两性同体和中性黄瓜植株，以雄性×雌性析因设计测量繁殖成本。成本通过植株对处理的营养生长反应来衡量。结果表明，在所使用的系统中，雄性成本对植株生长和雌性功能的影响可忽略不计，这意味着符合查诺夫等人模型的凸适应性集。雌性功能（坐果）对营养生长和雄花产生有抑制作用，有利于雄性先熟。
