Haukisalmi Voitto, Henttonen Heikki
Department of Zoology, University of Helsinki, P. Rautatiekatu 13, SF-00100, Helsinki, Finland.
Finnish Forest Research Institute, P.O. Box 18, SF-01301, Vantaa, Finland.
Oecologia. 1990 Jun;83(3):309-315. doi: 10.1007/BF00317553.
The seasonal and long-term population dynamics of helminths parasitizing voles suggested that density-dependent factors might be important in the population dynamics of common species, whereas density-independent factors predominate in the regulation of the rare species. To test this, we used single and multiple regression to analyse the effects of climatic factors and host density on populations of six species of vole helminths over 12 years. The data do support the idea of a difference between common and rare species of helminths, but they clearly do not support the above hypothesis. The common helminths Heligmosomum mixtum (Nematoda) and Catenotaenia sp. (Cestoda) responded to changes in temperature sum (>5° C days) and precipitation during summer. The combined effect of climatic factors and host density explained most of the variation in the long-term dynamics of these common species. By contrast, the long-term dynamics of the rare helminths Paranoplocephala kalelai (Cestoda), Mastophorus muris, Capillaria sp. and Syphacia petrusewiczi (Nematoda) were explained less well by weather and host density than those of the common ones. Furthermore, the common and rare helminths differed in some ways in their responses to climatic factors.
寄生于田鼠的蠕虫的季节性和长期种群动态表明，密度依赖因素可能在常见物种的种群动态中起重要作用，而密度独立因素在稀有物种的调控中占主导地位。为了验证这一点，我们使用单因素和多因素回归分析了12年间气候因素和宿主密度对六种田鼠蠕虫种群的影响。数据确实支持了蠕虫常见物种和稀有物种之间存在差异的观点，但显然不支持上述假设。常见蠕虫混合类圆线虫（线虫纲）和链尾绦虫属（绦虫纲）对夏季积温（>5℃天数）和降水量的变化有反应。气候因素和宿主密度的综合作用解释了这些常见物种长期动态中的大部分变化。相比之下，稀有蠕虫卡莱氏副无钩绦虫（绦虫纲）、鼠鞭尾线虫、毛细线虫属和彼得鲁维奇管圆线虫（线虫纲）的长期动态受天气和宿主密度的影响不如常见蠕虫明显。此外，常见蠕虫和稀有蠕虫在对气候因素的反应上在某些方面存在差异。
