Watt A D, Leather S R, Forrest G I
Edinburgh Research Station, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, EH26 OQB, Midlothian, Scotland.
Forestry Commission, Northern Research Station, Midlothian, Scotland.
Oecologia. 1991 Mar;86(1):31-35. doi: 10.1007/BF00317385.
A study of the effects of defoliation by insects on the chemistry of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), and on the performance of Panolis flammea (Lepidoptera; Noctuidae) larvae, was carried out in a forest in northwest Scotland I year after a severe outbreak of P. flammea had caused extensive defoliation. Larval weight and survival were not significantly different on trees that had experienced different levels of defoliation in 1986. The nitrogen and tannin content of current and previous years' pine needles was not significantly affected by defoliation (although both were slightly greater in the foliage of defoliated trees). Phosphorus content of young pine foliage was lower (but not significantly lower except on one occasion) on heavily defoliated trees. On all sampling occasions, however, the nitrogen: phosphorus ratio was significantly higher on heavily defoliated trees. There were large differences in monoterpene composition of the previous year's shoots associated with defoliation intensity, but these differences had largely disappeared in the new growth. The results are discussed in relation to other studies on the effects of insect damage on plant chemistry and insect performance and in relation to the abundance of P. flammea in Scotland.
在苏格兰西北部的一片森林中，对昆虫落叶对扭叶松（Pinus contorta）化学性质以及火焰夜蛾（Panolis flammea，鳞翅目；夜蛾科）幼虫生长的影响进行了研究。研究开展于火焰夜蛾严重爆发导致大面积落叶一年之后。在1986年经历了不同程度落叶的树上，幼虫的体重和存活率没有显著差异。当年和前一年松针的氮和单宁含量并未受到落叶的显著影响（尽管落叶树木的叶子中这两种成分含量略高）。在落叶严重的树上，幼嫩松针的磷含量较低（但除一次外，差异不显著）。然而，在所有采样时，落叶严重的树上氮磷比显著更高。前一年嫩枝的单萜成分因落叶强度存在很大差异，但这些差异在新长出的枝叶中基本消失了。本文结合其他关于昆虫损害对植物化学性质和昆虫生长影响的研究，以及苏格兰火焰夜蛾的数量情况对研究结果进行了讨论。
