DeLisi L E, Goldin L R, Gershon E S
National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
J Psychiatr Res. 1987;21(4):507-13. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(87)90099-9.
Although a familial component to schizophrenia has been established through several family, twin and adoption studies, an inherited biological factor has yet to be established. Efforts to define clinical familial subtypes of schizophrenia have generally been unsuccessful, although recent data from our study population of pairs of siblings with schizophrenia suggests that schizophrenia with recurrent episodes of major depression may define one such group. There have only been a few biological traits consistently found to be associated with schizophrenia and also found to be heritable. These findings (e.g. measures of monoamine metabolism, brain structural morphology, neurophysiological markers, and protein polymorphisms) are reviewed in the present chapter. The proportion of patients with any of the noted abnormalities never approaches 100%, nor have any been found to be specific to schizophrenia. Research into the biogenetics of schizophrenia is clearly just beginning.
尽管通过多项家族、双胞胎及收养研究证实了精神分裂症存在家族性因素，但尚未确定其遗传生物学因素。定义精神分裂症临床家族亚型的努力总体上并不成功，不过我们对患有精神分裂症的同胞兄弟姐妹研究人群的最新数据表明，伴有重度抑郁复发发作的精神分裂症可能定义了这样一个群体。一直以来，仅有少数生物学特征被一致发现与精神分裂症相关且具有遗传性。本章将对这些发现（如单胺代谢指标、脑结构形态、神经生理标志物及蛋白质多态性）进行综述。具有任何上述异常的患者比例从未接近100%，也未发现任何异常是精神分裂症所特有的。精神分裂症生物遗传学的研究显然才刚刚起步。
