Vinković Tomislav, Novák Ondrej, Strnad Miroslav, Goessler Walter, Jurašin Darija Domazet, Parađiković Nada, Vrček Ivana Vinković
Faculty of Agriculture in Osijek, J.J. Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Palacký University & Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371 Olomouc, Czechia.
Environ Res. 2017 Jul;156:10-18. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.03.015. Epub 2017 Mar 14.
The increasing development of different nanomaterials, such as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and their practical use in agriculture and biotechnology has created a strong need for elucidations of biological effects and risk assessments of AgNPs in plants. This study was aimed to investigate AgNPs effects on metal uptake and their biodistribution in pepper plants as well as on morphological parameters and hormonal responses of the isoprenoid cytokinin (CK) family. In addition, the comparison of effects silver form, nanoparticles vs. ionic, has also been examined. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study describing CK responses in plants exposed to metallic NPs. The obtained results indicate that both AgNPs and Ag ions significantly increased total content of Ag in pepper tissues in a dose-dependent manner and affected on plant development by decreasing both plant height and biomass in a similar way. This study evidenced for the first time the role of CKs in abiotic stress in plants caused by AgNPs. The hormonal analysis, conducted by an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry, revealed a significant increase in total CKs in the leaves and also highlighted the importance of cis-zeatin type CKs in plants treated with AgNPs. Our observations suggest potential risks of AgNPs on plant ecosystems upon their release into the environment.
不同纳米材料（如银纳米颗粒（AgNPs））的不断发展及其在农业和生物技术中的实际应用，使得迫切需要阐明AgNPs对植物的生物学效应和风险评估。本研究旨在调查AgNPs对辣椒植株中金属吸收及其生物分布的影响，以及对类异戊二烯细胞分裂素（CK）家族的形态参数和激素反应的影响。此外，还研究了银形态（纳米颗粒与离子态）效应的比较。据我们所知，这是第一项描述暴露于金属纳米颗粒的植物中CK反应的研究。所得结果表明，AgNPs和Ag离子均以剂量依赖性方式显著增加了辣椒组织中Ag的总含量，并以类似方式通过降低株高和生物量影响植物发育。本研究首次证明了CKs在AgNPs引起的植物非生物胁迫中的作用。通过超高效液相色谱 - 电喷雾串联质谱进行的激素分析表明，叶片中总CKs显著增加，并且还突出了顺式玉米素型CKs在经AgNPs处理的植物中的重要性。我们的观察结果表明，AgNPs释放到环境中对植物生态系统存在潜在风险。
