Schüz Benjamin, Revell Sarah, Hills Andrew P, Schüz Natalie, Ferguson Stuart G
University of Tasmania, School of Medicine, Psychology, Australia.
University of Tasmania, School of Medicine, Psychology, Australia.
Appetite. 2017 Jul 1;114:1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.03.012. Epub 2017 Mar 15.
Discretionary food choices (snacks) contribute up to a third of the daily energy intake and potentially contribute to energy imbalance and weight gain. Individual snack intake behaviour is guided by internal and external cues, with social cues (seeing others eat, being alone) consistently showing large effects. A wide body of (mainly laboratory-based) research suggests marked differences in people's response to eating cues based on BMI. Here, we show that these BMI differences in cue responsiveness also pertain to everyday snacking behaviour. In two combined ecological momentary assessment studies, 122 participants with BMIs ranging from 18.34 to 45.71 kg/m logged their everyday snacking behaviour in real-time over two weeks along with the presence or absence of social cues. Random-effects modelling showed that people with higher BMI were more likely to consume high-energy snacks when alone, and were more likely to consume low-energy snacks in the presence of others eating. This suggests BMI differences in cue responsiveness that are in line with impression management theory and underlines the importance of social cues for snacking behaviour and provides avenues for both theory and intervention development.
随意性食物选择（零食）占每日能量摄入的三分之一，并且可能导致能量失衡和体重增加。个体的零食摄入行为受内部和外部线索的引导，其中社会线索（看到他人进食、独自一人）始终显示出很大的影响。大量（主要基于实验室）研究表明，根据体重指数，人们对进食线索的反应存在显著差异。在此，我们表明，这些体重指数在线索反应性上的差异也适用于日常零食行为。在两项综合生态瞬时评估研究中，122名体重指数在18.34至45.71kg/m之间的参与者在两周内实时记录他们的日常零食行为以及社会线索的存在与否。随机效应模型显示，体重指数较高的人在独自一人时更有可能食用高能量零食，而在有他人进食时更有可能食用低能量零食。这表明体重指数在线索反应性上的差异与印象管理理论一致，并强调了社会线索对零食行为的重要性，为理论和干预发展提供了途径。
