Casellas-Grau Anna, Ochoa Cristian, Ruini Chiara
Hospital Duran i Reynals. Avinguda de la Gran Via, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain.
Facultat de Psicologia. Edifici Ponent - Planta baixa, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Psychooncology. 2017 Dec;26(12):2007-2018. doi: 10.1002/pon.4426. Epub 2017 May 24.
The objective of this study is to describe major findings on posttraumatic growth (PTG) in cancer, by analyzing its various definitions, assessment tools, and examining its main psychological and clinical correlates.
A search in relevant databases (PsycINFO, Pubmed, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Science) was performed using descriptors related to the positive reactions in cancer. Articles were screened by title, abstract, and full text.
Seventy-two met the inclusion criteria. Most articles (46%) focused on breast cancer, used the PTG inventory (76%), and had a cross-sectional design (68%). The PTG resulted inversely associated with depressive and anxious symptoms and directly related to hope, optimism, spirituality, and meaning. Illness-related variables have been poorly investigated compared to psychological ones. Articles found no relationship between cancer site, cancer surgery, cancer recurrence, and PTG. Some correlations emerged with the elapsed time since diagnosis, type of oncological treatment received, and cancer stage. Only few studies differentiated illness-related-life-threatening stressors from other forms of trauma, and the potentially different mechanisms connected with PTG outcome in cancer patients.
The evaluation of PTG in cancer patients is worthy, because it may promote a better adaption to the illness. However, many investigations do not explicitly refer to the medical nature of the trauma, and they may have not completely captured the full spectrum of positive reactions in cancer patients. Future research should better investigate issues such as health attitudes; the risks of future recurrences; and the type, quality, and efficacy of medical treatments received and their influence on PTG in cancer patients.
本研究的目的是通过分析创伤后成长（PTG）在癌症中的各种定义、评估工具，并研究其主要的心理和临床相关性，来描述关于癌症患者创伤后成长的主要研究结果。
使用与癌症中的积极反应相关的描述词在相关数据库（PsycINFO、Pubmed、ProQuest、Scopus和Web of Science）中进行检索。通过标题、摘要和全文对文章进行筛选。
72篇文章符合纳入标准。大多数文章（46%）聚焦于乳腺癌，使用创伤后成长量表（76%），且采用横断面设计（68%）。创伤后成长与抑郁和焦虑症状呈负相关，与希望、乐观、精神性和意义呈正相关。与心理变量相比，与疾病相关的变量研究较少。文章发现癌症部位、癌症手术、癌症复发与创伤后成长之间没有关系。与诊断后的时间、接受的肿瘤治疗类型和癌症分期存在一些相关性。只有少数研究区分了与疾病相关的危及生命的应激源与其他形式的创伤，以及癌症患者创伤后成长结果相关的潜在不同机制。
对癌症患者创伤后成长的评估是有价值的，因为它可能促进更好地适应疾病。然而，许多研究没有明确提及创伤的医学性质，可能没有完全捕捉到癌症患者积极反应的全貌。未来的研究应该更好地调查诸如健康态度；未来复发的风险；接受的医疗治疗的类型、质量和疗效及其对癌症患者创伤后成长的影响等问题。
