Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire (UCLan), Preston PR1 2HE, UK.
Sci Rep. 2017 Mar 20;7:44438. doi: 10.1038/srep44438.
Worldwide amphibian populations are declining due to habitat loss, disease and pollution. Vulnerability to environmental contaminants such as pesticides will be dependent on the species, the sensitivity of the ontogenic life stage and hence the timing of exposure and the exposure pathway. Herein we investigated the biochemical tissue 'fingerprint' in spawn and early-stage tadpoles of the Common frog, Rana temporaria, using attenuated total reflection-Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy with the objective of observing differences in the biochemical constituents of the respective amphibian tissues due to varying water quality in urban and agricultural ponds. Our results demonstrate that levels of stress (marked by biochemical constituents such as glycogen that are involved in compensatory metabolic mechanisms) can be observed in tadpoles present in the pond most impacted by pollution (nutrients and pesticides), but large annual variability masked any inter-site differences in the frog spawn. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy is capable of detecting differences in tadpoles that are present in selected ponds with different levels of environmental perturbation and thus serves as a rapid and cost effective tool in assessing stress-related effects of pollution in a vulnerable class of organism.
由于栖息地丧失、疾病和污染，世界范围内的两栖动物种群正在减少。对环境污染物（如农药）的脆弱性将取决于物种、个体发育生命阶段的敏感性，因此也取决于暴露的时间和暴露途径。在这里，我们使用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外（ATR-FTIR）光谱法研究了普通青蛙（Rana temporaria）的卵和早期蝌蚪的生化组织“指纹”，目的是观察由于城市和农业池塘水质的不同，相应的两栖动物组织中的生化成分的差异。我们的结果表明，在受污染（营养物质和农药）最严重的池塘中存在的蝌蚪中可以观察到应激水平（以参与补偿代谢机制的生化成分如糖原等为标志），但由于青蛙卵每年的巨大变化，掩盖了不同地点之间的任何差异。ATR-FTIR 光谱法能够检测出在具有不同环境干扰水平的选定池塘中存在的蝌蚪之间的差异，因此是评估脆弱类生物体的污染相关应激影响的快速且具有成本效益的工具。
