Elder G A, Sever J L
Infectious Diseases Branch, National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Ann Neurol. 1988;23 Suppl:S4-6. doi: 10.1002/ana.410230705.
Neurological disease occurs frequently in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Disorders may affect either the central or peripheral nervous systems and may be the presenting manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus-related disease. Opportunistic infections and lymphomas are major causes of central nervous system disease. Increasingly, however, human immunodeficiency virus infection of the central nervous system is being recognized and is now associated with a syndrome of progressive dementia in adults, referred to as the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia complex, and an encephalopathy in infants born to human immunodeficiency virus-infected mothers. Whether brain disease related to this virus will respond to antiretroviral drugs will be a major focus of future research. Although less frequent than central nervous system disease, disorders of the peripheral nervous system are increasingly being recognized, including cases that probably have an autoimmune basis.
神经疾病在感染人类免疫缺陷病毒的患者中频繁发生。这些疾病可能影响中枢神经系统或周围神经系统，并且可能是人类免疫缺陷病毒相关疾病的首发表现。机会性感染和淋巴瘤是中枢神经系统疾病的主要病因。然而，越来越多的中枢神经系统人类免疫缺陷病毒感染正在被认识到，现在它与成人的一种进行性痴呆综合征（称为获得性免疫缺陷综合征痴呆复合征）以及感染人类免疫缺陷病毒的母亲所生婴儿的脑病有关。与这种病毒相关的脑部疾病是否会对抗逆转录病毒药物产生反应将是未来研究的主要重点。虽然不如中枢神经系统疾病常见，但周围神经系统疾病越来越多地被认识到，包括可能具有自身免疫基础的病例。
