Bandt S Kathleen, Roland Jarod L, Pahwa Mrinal, Hacker Carl D, Bundy David T, Breshears Jonathan D, Sharma Mohit, Shimony Joshua S, Leuthardt Eric C
Department of Neurological Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.
Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2017 Mar 20;12(3):e0173448. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173448. eCollection 2017.
The brain's functional architecture of interconnected network-related oscillatory patterns in discrete cortical regions has been well established with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies or direct cortical electrophysiology from electrodes placed on the surface of the brain, or electrocorticography (ECoG). These resting state networks exhibit a robust functional architecture that persists through all stages of sleep and under anesthesia. While the stability of these networks provides a fundamental understanding of the organization of the brain, understanding how these regions can be perturbed is also critical in defining the brain's ability to adapt while learning and recovering from injury.
Patients undergoing an awake craniotomy for resection of a tumor were studied as a unique model of an evolving injury to help define how the cortical physiology and the associated networks were altered by the presence of an invasive brain tumor.
This study demonstrates that there is a distinct pattern of alteration of cortical physiology in the setting of a malignant glioma. These changes lead to a physiologic sequestration and progressive synaptic homogeneity suggesting that a de-learning phenomenon occurs within the tumoral tissue compared to its surroundings.
These findings provide insight into how the brain accommodates a region of "defunctionalized" cortex. Additionally, these findings may have important implications for emerging techniques in brain mapping using endogenous cortical physiology.
通过功能磁共振成像（fMRI）研究、放置于脑表面的电极进行的直接皮质电生理学研究或皮质电图（ECoG），离散皮质区域中相互连接的网络相关振荡模式的脑功能架构已得到充分确立。这些静息态网络呈现出强大的功能架构，在睡眠的所有阶段以及麻醉状态下均持续存在。虽然这些网络的稳定性为理解大脑的组织提供了基础，但了解这些区域如何受到干扰对于界定大脑在学习和从损伤中恢复时的适应能力也至关重要。
将接受清醒开颅肿瘤切除术的患者作为一种不断演变的损伤的独特模型进行研究，以帮助确定侵袭性脑肿瘤的存在如何改变皮质生理学及相关网络。
本研究表明，在恶性胶质瘤的情况下，存在一种独特的皮质生理学改变模式。这些变化导致生理隔离和渐进性突触同质化，表明与周围组织相比，肿瘤组织内发生了一种去学习现象。
这些发现为大脑如何适应“功能失调”的皮质区域提供了见解。此外，这些发现可能对利用内源性皮质生理学进行脑图谱绘制的新兴技术具有重要意义。
